A Research on the Acquistion and Change of Scientific Concepts from Kindergarten to Adulthood

本研究主要涉及认知心理学、科学哲学和科学教育领域，以确定研究结果的纵向特征和学术应用。在研究的第一年，以钟摆为材料进行了一次调查。这种情况持续了几个月。受试者的年龄从5岁到88岁不等。研究发现，30至40岁的受试者能够正确地解决摆问题，是因为他们在小学就读时就将这些方面纳入了科学课程。元科学概念的影响也可以被认为有助于提高各种科学概念的习得。第二年，对富山县和佐贺县的初中学生进行了一项使用简单电路的调查。目的是确定环境的语境影响。本研究以学生所处的环境为调查对象，探讨科学课程与学校环境对电路概念习得的影响。科学学习中的认知研究显示了了解影响有效教育策略的因素的重要性。此外，在研究的两个阶段的实施过程中，研究人员有可能促进教师在该领域的参与。还可以请包括美利坚合众国和联合王国在内的各国在这一领域的专家参加，从而使国际交流思想和经验成为可能。

This research primarily dealt with the domains of cognitive psychology, philosophy of science and science education to determine the features of longitudinal and academic application of the findings.During the first year of the research, a survey using pendulum as material was made. It lasted for a few months. The subjects' age ranged from 5 years old to 88 years old. It was found out that the subjects ranging from 30 to 40 years of age were able to solve the problems on pendulum correctly as a result of the inclusion of these aspects in the science curriculum at the time they were still enrolled at the elementary school. The influence of metascience concepts could also be considered helpful in improving the acquisition of various scientific concepts.On the following year, a survey using a simple electric circuit was undertaken with subjects from the lower secondary schools in Toyama and Saga prefectures. The purpose was to determine the contextual influence of environment. A survey on the environment of the learners was undertaken to determine the influence of science programs and school environment on electric circuit conceptual acquisition. This research on congnition in science learning shows the importance of knowing the factors that influence effective educational strategies.Furthermore, during the implementation of the two phases of the research, it was possible for the researchers to promote the involvement of teachers in the field. It was also possible to involve experts on this area from various countries which include the United States of America and the United Kingdom and therefore made possible international exchange of ideas and experiences.