CONTEMPORARY SIGNIFICANCE OF MEINONG'S THEORY OF OBJECTS FROM THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL POINT OF VIEW

梅农的客体理论影响了胡塞尔的现象学和罗素的描述理论，并在现象学和分析哲学之间建立了一个重要的接触点。客体理论始于“无客体表征”的悖论。这个悖论就是“存在的问题”，也就是如何处理不存在的物体。同时，它也是如何表示不存在的对象的问题。面对这一悖论，胡塞尔使用了现象学还原的方法，搁置了存在的问题，并着手分析表征和意义。罗素对存在问题的回答从一开始就已经决定了。也就是说，“没有不存在的物体”。美农试图通过对陈述的分析来直接解决这个问题。他的观察把他带到了客体理论的概念上，比如“纯粹客体的奥瑟赛因”。这些观点的前提是，对象的表征构成了人类认知。但是，如果这种观点是错误的，我们必须采取不同的方式来解决“无物表征”的问题。当代认知科学和认知语言学表明，人类认知不能用表征主义的观点来看待。我们的认知不是从表征中产生的，但我们确实会思考不存在的物体。应该如何从非表象主义的角度来看待不存在的对象？这是一个有待解决的问题。

Meinong's theory of objects influenced Husserl's phenomenology and Russell's theory of descriptions, and is important in establishing a point of contact between phenomenology and analytic philosophy. The theory of objects begins with the paradox of the "representation without objects." This paradox is the "problem of being," that is, of how to deal with nonexistent objects. At the same time, it is also the problem of how to represent nonexistent objects. In face of this paradox Husserl used a method of phenomenological reduction, shelving the problem of being, and proceeded to analyse representation and meaning. Russell's answer to the problem of being was decided from the beginning. That is, "There isn't a nonexistent object". Meinong tried to tackle this problem directly by the analysis of representations. His observations brought him to concepts of the theory of objects, such as the 'Aussersein of the pure object'. These views presuppose that the representations of objects constitute human cognition. However, if this view is mistaken, we must take a different approach to solve the problem of the "representation without objects". Contemporary cognitive science and cognitive linguistics show that human cognition cannot be considered from the point of view of representationalism. Our cognition isn't made from representation, but it is true that we think about nonexistent objects. How ought nonexistent objects be considered from the point of view of non-representationnalism? This is a problem that remains to be solved.