COGNITIVE SCIENCE FROM THE POINT OF VIEW THAT CRITICIZES PSYCHOLOGISM

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The term 'Psychologism' was first used in 1866. In Gurndris der Geschichte der Philosophie, Johan Eduard Erdmann used this term for the philosophy of Friedrich Eduard Beneke. From the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century 'logical psychologism' was a matter of controversy. Gottlob Frege remained resolutely antipsychological throughout his career. The psychological logicians assumed that what is not real must be subjective. But Frege denies this. He started from the assumption that 'a third realm of objective entities' exists. Numbers and concepts are members of the third realm. This nonphysical objectivity is the same for all rational being, for all who are capable of grasping it. In mathematics and logic, we can find the intersubjective agreements. The objective realm depends on this possibility of agreements. In other words, it depends on 'reason'. But Frege never spoke of 'philosophy of reason'.On the other hand, it is the general view that Edmund Husserl took a psychological position in his Philosophie der Arithmetik and changes the standpoint in Logische Untersuchungen in response to Frege's criticism. After that he developed his phenomenology. But from a different viewpoint Husserl's investigation had to change corresponding his philosophical position to psychology and logic. His philosophical theory steadily developed the theory presented before Logische Untersuchungen. Whereas the former view is oriented to the content of philosophical theory, the later one is oriented the relation between philosophy and psychology. So on the surface both seem to be contradictory. Husserl developed his theory through changing the position to psychology.