THE RELATION BETWEEN DETECTING PROCESS AND SCANNING PROCESS OF MULTIPLE STIMULI.

可以认为，从多个项目的显示中检测多个目标的过程是由若干子过程组成的，即感官接收、显示项目的识别和记忆内容的扫描。本研究的目的是从串行和并行加工的角度探讨子加工的模式。我们比较了单目标和多目标检测任务的性能，以研究是否可以同时检测多个目标。实验1测试了字母目标的感觉接受模式和识别模式。结果表明，感官接受过程为序列搜索过程，识别过程为平行搜索过程。实验2测试了彩色目标的识别方式。反应时间随颜色刺激数的增加呈线性增加。结果表明，在颜色识别过程中进行了序列搜索。实验3测试字母在显示中的搜索过程和在记忆中的扫描过程。很明显，序列过程是在搜索字母和扫描内存中进行的。研究还发现，串行过程在OR-task、and -task和OR-AND task三种情况下都有作用。实验4测试了显示中颜色的搜索过程和记忆中的扫描过程。结果表明，序列过程在记忆扫描中起作用，并行过程在颜色检测中起作用。

It can be considered that a process of detecting multiple targets from among display of multiple items is composed of some sub-processes, namely, sensory reception, identification of items in display, and scanning of contents in the memory. The purpose of this study was to investigate the modes of the sub-process from the point of view of serial and parallel processing. We compared performance in sigle-target and multiple-target detection tasks in order to investigate whether or not multiple targets can be detected simultaneously.Experiment 1 tested modes of the sensory reception and the identification for letter-targets. The results suggested serial searching pocess in the sensory reception, and parallel searching process in the identification.Experiment 2 tested the modes of identification for color-targets. Reaction time incresed lineally as the number of color stimulus incresed. The result indecats that serial searching process proceeds in the identification of color.Experiment 3 tested the searching process of letters in display and scanning process in memory. It became clear that serial process proceeds in searching letters and scanning of memory. It was also found that serial process acts in either case of OR-task, AND-task, and OR-AND task.In Experiment 4, the searching process of colors in display and scanning process of memory were tested. The results were that serial process acts in scanning of memory, and parallel process in detection of color.