LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON SOCIAL SKILLS TRAINING

本研究对四名表现出严重社交退缩行为的幼儿园儿童进行了社交技能训练，以提高他们的社交技能。在训练室和自由发挥的环境中，采用教练和同伴调解相结合的方法。辅导程序包括口头指导、策略情境讨论、建模、行为反省、纠正反馈和强化成分。通过15个培训环节，教授适当的社会启动和反应技能，以及适当的与同伴的社会互动技能。培训后和一年后评估培训效果。结果表明，实施社交技能训练后，所有儿童的社交隔离行为迅速减少，合作行为增加，除1名目标儿童外，其他儿童的社交孤立行为和合作行为均持续1年。对于4名退缩儿童中的3名，作为技能训练泛化效果指标的自由游戏训练中的合作游戏率随着社会技能训练的进行而显著增加，并在一年的跟踪评估中保持了较高的合作游戏率；行为评估中观察到的积极行为变化得到了教师社会行为评分的证实。因此，对社交退缩儿童进行社会技能训练是提高所学社会技能的概括性和长期维持性的有效治疗技术。

The present study conducred a social skills training to four kindergarten children exhibiting severe socially withdrawn behavior in order to improve their social skills. The coaching and the peer mediated method were combined in the training room and the free play settings. The coaching procedure was consisted in the verbal instruction, discussion of ploblematic situation, modeling, behavioral reharsal, corrective feedback and reiforcement componets. The adequate social initiation and response akills, and the appropriate social interaction skills with peers were taught through the 15 training sessions.The training effects were assessed after training and one year later. The results showed that all children rapidly decreased their socially isolated behavior and increased their cooparative behavior when the social akills training was introduced and this training effects were maintained for one year except one target child. For three of four withdrawn children, the rate of cooparative play during free play sessions, which was used as an indicator of the generalization effects of skills training, remarkably increased as the social skills training proceeded and high rate of cooparative play was maintained at the one year follow-up assessment.The positive behavior change observed in the behavioral assessment was confirmed by the social behavior ratings made by their teachers.It was concluded from the present results that the social skills training with the social withdrawn children was an effective treatement technique for improving the generalization and the lomg-term maintenance of the learned social skills.