International Aid for Improving Primary Education in Developing Countries

发展中国家的教育质量问题是一个相对较新的问题。自第二次世界大战以来，数量扩张和寻求普及初等教育(UPE)一直是许多国家政府教育政策的首要任务。尽管取得了长足的进步，但许多发展中国家还没有实现这一目标。80年代的经济危机和政治动荡对发展中国家造成了严重影响。包括教育在内的所有社会部门预算都受到不利的经济状况和紧缩政策的影响。特别是在低收入国家，教育预算和学生人均教育支出减少。这些情况导致许多发展中国家的初等教育质量下降。随着这些问题的显现，人们的注意力已经转移到学校的教育质量和实际学习结果上。许多贫穷国家需要国际捐助者的资金来补充他们的教育资源。为初等教育调动更多的外部资金是1990年代的一项高度优先事项。世界银行是教育的最大外部资金来源，它建议应更优先考虑旨在增加儿童学习的措施。

The issue of quality of education in developing countries is a relative recent one. Since World War II,quantitative expansion and the quest for universal primary education (UPE) have been foremost priority in the educational policy of many governments. In spite of the considerable advances, many of those developing countries have not yet achieved this goal.Economic crisis and political turmoil in the 1980s affected developing countries severely. All social sector budgets including education have suffered from the adverse economic conditions and austerity policy. In low-income countries in particular, educational budgets and per student spending on education diminished. These conditions have led to decline of quality of primary education in many of developing world. As these problems have become apparent, attention has been shifting toward the quality of education and actual learning results being received in the schools.Many poor countries need to supplement their education resources with funds from international donors. Mobilizing additional external funding for primary education is a high priority for 1990s. The World Bank, the largest external source of finance for education, suggests that higher priority should be given to measures intended to increase children's learning.