GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTH AFRICAN LITERATURE

今年的项目以南非和博茨瓦纳女作家贝西·海德为研究对象，了解南非现代文学在种族隔离时期是如何发展的。20世纪60年代以来，日本对非洲文学的研究主要集中在非洲作品的日语翻译上。其中有贝西·黑德作品的4部译本，包括《权力的问题》、《人》、《温柔与权力的故事》、《宝藏的收藏者》。这些作品对于理解这位非洲女作家是如何在非洲南部诞生的非常重要。对贝西·海德来说，任何形式的写作，小说、故事或信件形式，都是自我实现的来源。她的大部分作品都是传记式的，在个人或公共层面上，她的经历与小说和现实之间有着直接的联系。特别是，贝塞·黑德在她的私人信件中展示了她的情感感受，这些信件是关于南部非洲、南非和博茨瓦纳的历史文件。据推测，她给她的朋友、出版商、编辑和读者以及她生活中的其他人写了2000多封信，并保留了大多数给她的信。写信或写故事什么的，对贝塞尔·海德来说，就像在她的脑海里和某人交谈。因此，在她感到孤立和孤独的社区中，这是她生存的非常重要的沟通工具。写作的过程是作为一个女性获得自我意识和自我定义的过程。今年我可以在日本出版第三世界出版社的《贝西·海德传》，这是教育部资助的一个项目的结果。

The project of this year was focused on Bessie Head, the South African and Botswanan woman writer In order to understand how the Modem South African Literature has been developed under the Apartheid period. In Japan the main studies of African Literature have been focused on Japanese translations of African writings since 1960's. Among them, there are 4 translations of Bessie Head's works, Including A.Question of Power, Man, Tales of Tenderness and Power, and A Collectors of Treasure. Those works are very important to understand how the African woman writer was born In the Southern Africa.For Bessie Head, writing in any form, fictions, stories, or letter-form, Is a source of self-actualization. Mostly her writing is largely biographical and a direct correlation between fiction and reality of her experiences either at a personal or a communal level Particularly, Bessei Head showed her emotional feelings behind her writings In her personal correspondence, which was historical documents of Southern Africa, South Africa and Botswana.Presumably she sent more than 2000 letters to her friends, publishers, editors and readers and others in her life and kept most letters sent to her. Writing letters or stories whatever, for Bessle Head, is like talking to somebody in her mind. So it is very important communication tool for her survival in the community wherC she felt isolated and loneliness. Writing process is to gain self-awareness and self-definition as a woman.I could publish A Biography of Bessie Head from the Third World Publisher In Japan this year as a result of this project supported by the Ministry of Education financially.