Spatial and temporal variability of the Kuroshio water based on a net work of the long-term repeat sections

利用长期重复水文断面，研究了黑潮下游输水特性的变化。我们还使用了我们小组建立的新的气候学数据，以及我们由巡洋舰KH-96-4对黑潮进行广泛调查所获得的高分辨率水文数据。主要研究结果如下：1.研究结果。计算了黑潮相对于800dbar和1000dbar的长期平均地转通量。结果表明，东中国海向日本南部输送的下游增加与密度级有关。北太平洋副热带模式水(NPSTMW)和北太平洋中层水(NPIW)密度级显著增加。这些级别的水表现出水特征的下游变化，这表明相对较新的NPSTMW和NPIW有力地流入了黑潮。发现了NPSTMW和NPIW密度级的水特征差异，这与以前的假设是一致的，即在黑潮大弯曲期间，这些水团来自东部的平流严重减少。基于我们新的气候学数据，还发现黑潮再环流区的水性质存在一致的差异。上述重复水文剖面所揭示的黑潮水域的空间结构，通过我们的广泛调查KH-96-4获得的快照数据得到了证实和完善。

Downstream changes of the transport and water characteristics of the Kuroshio were investigated with the long-term repeat hydrographic sections. We also use the new climatological data constructed by our group and the high-resolution hydrograhic data obtained by our extensive survey of the Kuroshio by R/V Hakuho Maru, the cruise KH-96-4. The main results are as follows.1. Long-term mean geostrophic fluxes of the Kuroshio relative to 800 dbar or 1000 dbar were calculated by the potentrial density classes of 0.1 siguma_<theta> interval. Ii was shown that the downstream increase of the transport from the East China Sea to the south of Japan depends on the density classes. The increase in the density classes of North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water (NPSTMW) and North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) is remarkable. The water of these classes shows downstream changes of the water characteristics, which indicates vigorous inflow of relatively new NPSTMW and NPIW into the Kuroshlo.2. Differences in the water characteristics of the density classes of NPSTMW and NPIW were detected, which is consistent with the previous hypothesis that the advection of these water masses from the east is severely reduced during the large-meander periods of the Kuroshio. The consistent differences in the water properties over the Kuroshio recirculation region were also detected based on our new climatological data.3. The spatial structures of the Kuroshio water, revealed by the repeat hydrographic sections described above, were confirmed and refined by the snapshot data obtained by our extensive survey, KH-96-4.