Development of highly value added products using components of Leucaena leucocephala de wit

作者的专利浸提方法使银合欢可以用作食物和牲畜饲料。1-22）由于含羞草碱可通过使用离子交换树脂方法在工业规模上纯化，因此已将其作为除草先导化合物进行了研究。当真菌侵袭银合欢叶时，含羞草碱[β-N-（3-羟基-4-吡啶酮）-α-氨基丙酸]在含羞草碱降解酶的作用下形成DHP [3-羟基-4-（1H）-吡啶酮]。用38种未知微生物和44种已知微生物对含羞草碱和DHP进行了降解，结果表明，含羞草碱对大肠杆菌E-9的生长有抑制作用，而对DHP的降解则表现为抑制作用。合成了16个含羞草碱衍生物，并进行了除草和抑菌活性试验活动水平。在所制备的化合物中，1-β-氰乙基-2-吡啶酮在100 ppm下对芜菁显示出55.6%的除草活性。1-β-羧乙基-4-吡啶酮在100 ppm时对腐霉的抗真菌活性为85.3%。作者发现，由于银合欢烯中存在含羞草碱，它可以保护自己免于灭绝。含羞草有两个潜在的措施，一个是保护自己免受肇事者。二是发展壮大品种。动物在摄入含羞草碱后会患病。银合欢通过释放他感作用的含羞草素来建立自己的殖民地。考虑到银合欢在世界热带和亚热带地区的巨大分布，这种多用途植物的总利用可以创造超过一万亿美元的新业务。

The author's patented leaching method has made it possible to use the Leucaena as food and livestock feed. 1-22) Since mimosine can be purified on an industrial scale by use of an ion-exchange resin method, it has been studied as a herbicidal lead compound. Thisreport explains specific indications of mimosine's use as a profitable and effective herbicidal and antifungal agent.When a fungus attacks Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala de Wit) leaves, mimosine [beta-N- (3-hydroxy-4-pyridone)-alpha- aminopropionic acid] forms DHP [3-hydroxy-4-(1H)-pyridone] by action of the mimosine degradation enzyme. The antifungal properties of DHP confirm that it is responsible for the phytoalexin of Leucaena.Thirty-eight unknown and 44 known microorganisms were used in the catabolization of mimosine and DHP.Escherichia coli E-9growth was inhibited by mimosine, however, its gromth was dramatically increased by DHP.Escherichia aerogenes growth was increased by both mimosineand DHP.Sixteen mimosine derivatives were prepared and tested for herbicidal and antifungal activity levels. Among the prepared compounds 1-beta-cyanoethy1-2 pyridone showed herbicidal activity of 55.6% at 100 ppm against Brassica rapa. 1-beta-Carboxylethyl-4-pyridone showed antifungal activity of 85.3% at 100 ppm against Pythium sp.The author has discovered that by the presence of mimosine in Leucaene, it protects itself from extinction. Mimosine has two potential measures, one is to defend itself from perpetrators. The other is to develop and expand the species. Animals become diseased after ingestion of mimosine. Leucaena creates its own colonies by the release of the allelopathy mimosine.Considering the tremendous distribution of Leucaena in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the world, more than a trillion dollars of new business could be created by the total utilization of this multi-purpose plant.