Studies on the Deodorizing Actions of Wild Grasses against Offensive Odor.

近年来，人们对天然物质的利用一直很感兴趣，这些物质对我们和环境都是有用和安全的。野草容易获得，价格低廉，可能有广泛应用的可能性。本研究的目的是：(1)检测野草降低恶臭的效果；(2)测定其对甲硫醇(MM)的抑菌和除臭活性；(3)从其提取物中分离活性成分；(4)考察其在食品中的实际应用。所获得的结果概括如下：1.研究了添加野草对猪小肠贮藏过程中恶臭的影响。蒲公英(Taraxacum spp.)最有效地抑制厌氧菌生长和恶臭的释放。对不同常见野生牧草进行了除臭活性筛选试验。除臭效果显著的有8种牧草，它们分别是美洲雏菊、一枝黄花、紫薇、百里香、鬼针草、蒲公英、蓟和多刺。他们都是作曲家。部分草提取物对米氏变形杆菌的生长有抑制作用。活性最高的是美国假雏菊和日本结缕草。从土豆和蒲公英中分离出对MM具有除臭活性的化学成分。由于这些植物已被用作医药和食品，分离出的成分在食品中的应用可能不会有问题。

Recently, we have been paying much interest to the utilization of natural substances which are useful and safe for us and also to the environment. Wild grasses are obtainable easily and inexpensively, and may have a possibility of wide application. The objectives of this study were to: (1) detect the efficiency of wild grasses in reducing the offensive odor, (2) determine their antibacterial effect and deodorant activity against methyl mercaptan (MM), (3) isolate the active compounds from their extracts, (4) investigate the practical application to foods. The results obtained are summarized as follows.1. We studied effects of added wild grasses on the evolution of offensive odor during storage of porcine small intestine. Of the grasses examined dandelion (Taraxacum spp.) inhibited most effectively anaerobe growth and the evolution of offensive odor.2. A screening test for deodorant activity against MM was conducted for different familiar wild grasses. Eight grasses, American false daisy (Eclipta prostrata), tall golden-rod (Solidago altissima), hokigiku (Aster subulatus Michx.), yomogi (Altemisia princeps), begger ticks (Bidens frondosa), dandelion, thistle (Cirsium japonicum) and prickly sow-thistle (Sonchus asper), showed significant deodorizing action. All of them are the family of Composiitae.3. Some of the grass extracts were effective to suppress the growth of Proteus milabilis. The highest activity was found in American false daisy and Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica).4. The constituents which contribute to the deodorizing activity against MM were isolated from dokudami and dandelion. As these plants have been utilized as medicine and food, the application of the isolated components to foods is likely to have no problem.