STUDY OF SQUATEXERCISE AS TRAINING MODE FOR IMPROVING LEG MUSCLE STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE CAPACITY IN ELDERLY PERSONS

本研究的目的是探讨老年人的健身特征，并检验蹲起运动作为提高老年人腿部肌肉力量和耐力的训练模式的有效性。在一定的实验条件下，测量了等速膝关节运动时的力矩、最大摄氧量、综合肌电、平衡能力等。主要研究结果如下：1.老年人的腿部肌肉力量和有氧能力都低于年轻人。就两种能力的可训练性而言，腿部肌肉力量似乎比有氧力量具有更高的可训练性。老年人下肢肌力与纵跳显著相关，有氧功率与自主步速次极量运动时心率显著相关。这些结果意味着垂直跳和自定步速的踏步运动测试将有助于提高运动员的运动能力。 ...更多信息 是评价肌肉力量和有氧能力有价值的简易测试方法.老年人站立位抗突然加速度平衡能力与下肢肌力和柔韧性均呈显著相关。此外，没有跌倒经验的人在干扰测试中表现出比经历跌倒的人更高的稳定性。在深蹲运动过程中，心率、氧摄入量和股外侧肌肌电积分随深蹲频率的增加而线性增加。在20次/min的深蹲速率下，其对应的iEMG最大值约为50%，VO 2 max约为60%。由此可见，深蹲运动是提高老年人下肢肌肉力量和有氧能力的有效运动方式。但在老年人中运用深蹲运动时需要注意，因为大多数被试的主观强度高于客观强度.在深蹲运动训练（两组自慢节奏深蹲运动，每次1 min，频率为3 d/周，周期为5周）的结果中，虽然等速膝伸肌运动中低速时的力矩因训练而增加，但不显著，屈肌运动中其他高速和所有速度范围的力矩均未表现出显著变化。这些结果表明，它将需要做更详细的研究，考虑到受试者的身体特征和肌肉功能的变化，由于老化。少

The purpose of this study was to examine the fitness characteristics and to test the validity of the squat exercise as a training mode for improving the leg muscle strength and the endurance capacity in the elderly persons. We measured torque at the isokinetic knee exercises, maximal oxygen uptake, integrated EMG,balance ability, and so on at the some experimental conditions. The results were summarized as follows :1. The elderly persons showed lower values in both the leg muscle strength and the aerobic power than those in the young persons. Concerning the trainability in both abilities, the leg muscle strength seemed to have the higher trainability than the aerobic power.2. The leg muscle strength in the elderly persons significantly correlated with the vertical jump, and also the aerobic power showed the significant correlation with the heart rate at the self-paced stepping sub-maximal exercise. These results mean that the vertical jump and the self-paced stepping exercise tests wou … More ld be the valuable simple-tests for estimating the muscle strength and the aerobic power.3. The balancing ability against abrupt acceleration on the standing posture were significantly correlated with both of the lower limb muscle strength and the flexibility in the elderly persons. Moreover, the persons inexperienced a fall showed the higher stability on the disturbance test than the persons experienced a fall.4. During the squat exercises, heart rate, oxygen intake, and integrated EMG in the Muscle of Vastus Latelalis increased linearly with the increase in the squat rates. It corresponded about 50% maximal iEMG and 60% of VO2max at 20 times/min of squat rate. From these results, it was considered that the squat exercise would be the effective exercise mode for improving the leg muscle strength and the aerobic power in the elderly. However, it needs to pay some attention for applying the squat exercise to the elderly persons, because most of the subjects told the higher subjective intensity than these of the objective intensities.5. In the results of the squat exercise training (two sets of the self-slow paced of the squat exercise for 1 min, 3 days/week of frequency, and 5 weeks of period), though the torque at the low speed during isokinetic knee extensor exercise increased due to the training, but not significantly, the torque at the other high speeds and all speed ranges in the flexor exercise did not show the significant changes. These results suggest that it would need to do the more detail research considered subject's physical characteristics and the functional changes in muscle due to aging. Less