Continuing monitaring and manegement of natural environment on wildlife pathobiology and ecology.

1.为明确山间日本母牛再次出现的矛盾病毒的感染性，将该病毒接种绵羊。结果表明，Parapox病毒很容易在母羊之间传播。这项研究警告说，Serow在Parapox病毒感染中扮演着蓄水池的角色。GHV-1是从瞪羚大规模暴发的脑炎中分离到的一种新型马疱疹病毒。在本研究中，根据病毒学和病理学研究，将GHV-1命名为EHV-9。EHV-9在实验中诱导了多种动物的脑炎，包括马、山羊、牛、猪、狗、仓鼠、小鼠和豚鼠。这种病毒对除马、牛和猪以外的所有受感染的动物都是致命的。EHV-9是一种强嗜神经性病毒，对多种动物具有强烈的感染性。测定了日本中部地区各种野生动物样品中多氯联苯、滴滴涕、六氯环己烷等有机氯化合物的残留水平。结果，在鸟类，特别是猛禽体内检测到较高的有机氯化合物残留量，高于其他哺乳动物。此外，还通过实验研究了化合物对动物身体状况的影响。本研究为濒危野生动物的保护提供了有用的信息。对日本熊和北方海豹的繁殖生态和生理条件进行了调查。此外，还建立了濒危野生动物人工繁殖技术。此外，还获得了一些关于哺乳动物和猛禽内分泌干扰物积累和生殖障碍的有用信息。这些结果表明，为了保护地球，需要对自然环境进行持续监测。另一方面，对野生鸟类病理学、包括非人灵长类在内的动物园动物病理学、冬眠机制等进行了研究。

1. To clarify the infectivity of parapox virus re-emerging in Japanese serow in mountains was inoculated to sheep. As a result, parapox virus was proved to spread from serow to sheep easily. This study warns the role of serow as a reservoir in parapox virus infection.2. GHV-1 is a new type emerging equine herpesvirus isolated from a mass outbreak of encephalitis in gazelles. In this study, GHV-1 was designated as EHV-9 based on virological and pathological studies. EHV-9 induced experimentally encephalitis in wide variety of animals including horses, goats, cattle, pigs, dogs, hamsters, mice and guinea pigs. This virus was fatal to all animals infected except horses, cattle and pigs. EHV-9 was shown to be strongly neurotropic virus, which had an intense infectivity to a wide range of animals.3. The resudue levels of several organochlorine compounds, including PCBs, DDTs, HCH, were determined in samples of various wildlife living in Chubu district, central part of Japan. As a result, high residue levels of organochlorine compounds were detected in birds, especially raptors, which were higher than those in other mammals. Besides, influences of compounds on physical condition in animals were investigated experimentally.4. In this study, useful information for conservation of endangered wildlife was obtained. Ecological and physiological condition of reproduction in Japanese bears and Northern seals was investigated. In addition, establishment of techniques for artificial reproduction in endangered wildlife was done. Furthermore, some useful information on the endocrine disruptor accumulation and reproductive disorder in mammals and raptors was obtained. These results indicate that continuing monitoring of natural environment is needed to protect the earth. On the other hand, research on wild birds pathology, zoo animal pathology including non-human primates and mechanism of hibernation etc. were done.