LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON THE DETERMINANTS OF THE CAREER SELECTION OF YOUNG WOMEN

本研究旨在探讨青年男女职业发展的影响因素，首次调查于2000年对883名即将毕业的大学生进行。344名男生（71.2%）和139名女生（28.8%）提供了数据。2002年的第二次调查是针对第一次调查问卷的483名受访者进行的。数据由110名男生提供（63.6%）和63名女生对第一、第二组数据进行因素分析和其他分析，结果表明：（1）社会取向和个人取向在2000-2002年间没有发生显著性变化;（2）离职倾向在2000-2002年间没有发生显著性变化; 2000年和2002年，80%~ 90%的受访者倾向于离职而不是终身雇佣;（3）职业发展态度：倾向于能力评价而不是忠诚评价，倾向于私人生活而不是职业成功;（4）职业发展态度：由能力价值、自我实现价值和私生活价值三个因素构成。（5）2002年被调查者较2000年更倾向于选择的变量是离职意愿、择业自由度和自我决定。对第一组数据的回归分析结果表明，能力价值观影响离职倾向，职业发展的独立取向影响能力价值观。越重视能力，对离职的态度越积极，独立定向越高，越重视能力。

This longitudinal study was designed to explore the determinants of career development of the young men and women.The first survey in 2000 was conducted for 883 university students just before graduation. Data were provided by 344 male students (71.2%) and 139 female students (28.8%). The second survey in 2002 was conducted for the 483 resondents to the first survey qustionnaire. Data were provided by 110 male students (63.6%) and 63 female students (36.4%).Results of factor analyzes and other analyzes on the the first and the second data revealed no significant gender differences in the following variables: (1) social orientedness and individual orientedness : neither orientedness has changed beteen 2000-2002 ; (2) turnover intention : eighty to ninety percent of the respondents preferred turnover to lifetime employment both in 2000 and 2002 ; (3) attitudes toward career development : preference for evaluation of ability to evaluation of loyalty and preference for private life to career success were noticeable ; (4) attitudes toward career development : they consist of 3 factors - value of ability, value of self realization and value of private life. The first and the second data yielded the same 3 factors ; (5) the variables which respondents preferred significantly more in 2002 than 2000 : they were turnover intention, freedom of choice of job kind and self decision. It was also found with the first data that female students' sex role attitudes were significantly more egalitarian than male students' attitudes.Results of regression analyzes on the first data indicated that value of ability influenced the turnover intention and the independent orientedness for the career development influenced the value of ability. The more one valued ability, the more positive the attitudes toward the turnover were and the higher the independent orientedness was, the more one valued the ability.