Metrical and Comparative Studies of the Trend of Marriages, Divorces and Families in Mainland Japan and Okinawa in Modern Ages

自1947年以来，现代日本的结婚率一直在下降，当时达到了最高比例。随着初婚年龄的延长，晚婚现象也在增加。另一方面，每对夫妇所生孩子的数量正在减少。过去一度呈下降趋势的离婚率在战后特别是1970年以后呈现上升趋势。即使在结婚20年以上的夫妇中，这种情况也在增加。再婚率也呈现上升趋势。第一次婚姻和再婚的结合是各种各样的。尽管在活产率、结婚率和离婚率方面存在一些地区差异，但最近的趋势几乎是相同的。虽然冲绳在生育、结婚和离婚方面的趋势与日本本土相同，但在我目前的研究中，我仍然发现了冲绳岛特有的一些事实。它们是：1)出生率和总和。日本的生育率最高；2)初婚年龄并不像报道的那么年轻，全国女性晚婚年龄相对较大；3)结婚年龄与出生的变化有关，结婚年龄或多或少存在差异；4)再婚率高，婚姻匹配与内地相比存在差异；5)离婚率全国最高；(6)按同居时间分，结婚2年及以下和20年及以上的离婚率最低，结婚2年及以下和20年及以下的离婚率最高；全国的失业率、第三产业就业人数、家庭核心家庭的比例与离婚率高度相关。在冲绳也可以观察到同样的现象；8)全国双职工家庭和三代同堂家庭的比例与离婚率呈负相关。这种现象在冲绳也可以看到。家庭规模越来越小、人口越来越少、人口越来越老，这种变化在地区上是不一样的。本研究参照日本战后人口普查结果，观察各县家庭类型与社会指标的相关性，对各县家庭类型特征进行了细致的分析。少

The marriage rate in Japan in modern ages has been decreasing since 1947, when it reached the highest percentage. Due to first marriage age increasing, the result of couples marring late has also increased. On the other hand, the number of children brought forth by each couple is decreasing. The divorce rate, which was decreasing at one time in the past, has shown the upward tendency after the war, particular since 1970. It is also increasing even among those couples who have married for 20 and more years. The remarried rate has also shown increase. Coupling of the first marriage and the remarriage is of every sort. With some regional differences in the rate of live births, marriages and divorces, the recent tendency has been almost the same.Although Okinawa has the same tendency as observed in mainland Japan regarding births, marriages and divorces, I still have discovered in my present studies some facts unique to the island of Okinawa. They are : 1) Both the birth rate and the total … More fertility rate are highest in Japan ; 2) The age of first marriage is not as young as what was reported and the age of a female married late is relatively older in the nation ; 3) The age of marriages, which is more or less variant, is related to the variation of births ; 4) The remarriage rate is high, and the matching of marriage is variant in comparison with that in the mainland ; 5) The divorce rate is highest in the nation ; 6) The divorce rate by duration of cohabitation is lowest for those married for 2 years or less and 20 years and above, while it is highest for those married both for less than 2 years and 20 years or less ; 7) The ratio of unemployment, persons employed in the tertiary industry and family nuclei households in the nation has high correlation with the divorce rates. The same phenomenon can be observed in Okinawa ; and 8) The ratio of dual-income households and three-generation households in the nation has a negative correlation with the divorce rates. This phenomenon can also be seen in Okinawa.The change in households, which is becoming smaller, nuclear and aged, is not the same regionally.In the present studies, careful analysis was made on the characteristics of family types of household by prefecture observing the correlation between the family types of household and the social indicators by prefecture, with reference to the results of the population census of Japan taken after the war. Less