A Comparative Study on Aging Processes between Human and Nonhuman Primates based on Biological Age.

本研究的目的是：1)确定猴子和人类之间共同的衰老生物标志物，比较它们的衰老速度；2)揭示猴子衰老过程的基本规律，可应用于人类；3)确定热量限制是否像在啮齿类动物中一样延缓了灵长类动物的衰老过程。在本研究中使用的猴子是33只雄性恒河猴（19只年轻的成年猴子和14只老猴子）。一半的受试者被分配到实验组，与对照组相比，实验组在10年内摄入30%的卡路里。人类研究对象为122名日本成年男性，于1992年至1998年期间在京都红十字会医院接受为期2天的健康检查。从血液学和血液化学中选择27个测试变量，用于寻找猴子衰老的候选生物标志物。结果表明：1)猴类血液学中的HGB、LYMPH和血液化学中的GOT、ALK PHOS、T-PRO、ALBU、AGR、CALC、DHEA等9个变量可作为衰老的候选生物标志物；2)在这9个生物标志物中，HGB、LYMPH、ALBU和CALC 4个变量被确定可以作为人类衰老的生物标志物；3)猴子的衰老个体差异相对小于人类。猴子和人类之间的这种差异可能反映了寿命的差异。在猴子中，生理功能以线性方式下降可能代表生物体保持体内平衡能力的下降；4)采用衰老生物学指数（BAS）研究CR对衰老速率的影响。结果表明，CR并没有像在啮齿类动物中报道的那样显著延长寿命。寿命似乎有可能出现适度增长；5)猴子的衰老速度是人类的3.46倍。

The purposes of this study were 1) to identify common biomarkers of aging between monkeys and humans to compare their aging rates ; 2) to reveal basic regularities of the aging process in monkeys which could apply to human ; and 3) to determine if caloric restriction retards the aging processes in primates as it does in rodents.The monkeys used in the present study were 33 male rhesus monkeys (19 young adult and 14 old monkeys). Half of subjects were assigned to experimental group subjected to 30% calorie restriction for 10 years compared to the control group. Subjects for humans were 122 Japanese adult men, who received a 2-day health examination at the Kyoto Red Cross Hospital for 7 years from 1992 to 1998. The 27 test variables selected from hematology and blood chemistry were used to find the candidate biomarkers of aging in monkeys.The results indicated that : 1) In monkeys, 9 variables of HGB and LYMPH from hematology and GOT, ALK PHOS, T-PRO, ALBU, AGR, CALC and DHEA from blood chemisty were selected as possible candidate biomarkers of aging ; 2) Of these 9 biomarkers, 4 variables of HGB, LYMPH, ALBU and CALC were identified to be able to use as biomarkers of aging in humans ; 3) Individual differences of aging are relatively less in monkeys than in humans. This difference between monkeys and humans might reflect the difference of longevity. In monkeys, the decline of physiological functions in a linear fashion may represent a decline in the ability of the organism to preserve homeostasis ; 4) we investigated the influence of CR on the rate of aging, using the biological index (BAS) of aging. The result indicates that the CR does not markedly extend life span as reported in rodents. It seems likely that moderate increases in life span will occur ; and 5) The rate of aging is faster by 3.46 times in monkeys than in humans.