Research on evaluation of dwelling interior seismic risk caused by Furniture and appliances in an earthquake using interactive CAD environment

如果地震对住宅的结构破坏不严重，则家具和日常用品等住宅内容物的内部损坏会导致居住者受伤，引起火灾，或阻止居住者安全地疏散到外面。家居环境中的家具、电器等物品的体积和数量趋于增大，存储空间趋于不足。采取将家具固定在墙壁上的预防措施的家庭比例为5%~15%，为提高住宅室内环境的地震安全性，重要的是居民自己了解家具掉落和日常物品散落的地震风险程度，并通过重新安排房屋内的家具或减少家具数量来降低风险。通过对1995年坂神淡路大地震后的建筑物破损、室内破损、人员伤亡和地震烈度的问卷调查数据进行分析，导出了家具的易损性函数。在微机CAD软件环境下，开发了住宅平面图输入、家具空间布置、变烈度地震破坏模式估计等软件。评估结果以室内空间的三维视图表示。该软件还显示了考虑各种措施的内部损伤缓解效果。

In case of an earthquake in which structural damages to dwellings are not serious, interior damage of dwelling contents such as furniture and daily items cause occupants injured, cause fires, or prevent occupants from evacuating outside safely. Furniture, electric appliances and other objects in housing environment tend to increase in size and in number, and storage space tend to be in shortage. Percentage of households taking preventive measures of fixing furniture to walls is from 5% to 15% and is very row.In order to improve earthquake safety of dwelling indoor environment, it is important for the residents themselves to understand extents of earthquake risk by falling furniture and scattering daily objects and reduction of the risk by rearranging furniture in a house or by reducing number of furniture. It will be effective to estimate earthquake interior damage quantitatively and to visualize the results of estimation for better understanding by ordinary citizens.This study analyzed questionnaire data of building damage, interior damage, human casualty and seisimic intensity conducted after the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji earthquake and derived vulnerability function of furniture as a function of seismic intensity. Using CAD software environment for PC, a software is developed to input dwelling plan, to arrange furniture in a space, to estimate damage pattern under the assumption of variable seismic intensity. Estimation results are indicated with 3 dimensional view of interior space. The software also indicates effects of interior damage mitigation by various measures in consideration.