An Approach and Evaluation of training cource program for oral health workers in a developing country (Nepal)

自1989年以来，我们一直参与尼泊尔THECHO村牙科保健领域的国际合作努力。从1994年至2000年，与村社区当地领导人一起开展了培训口腔保健专业人员的培训项目。这项培训每年举行一次，为期七天。在三年的时间里，有218人从该方案毕业，他们包括小学教师、对口人员、卫生工作者、母亲志愿者和委员会成员。培训内容包括口腔医学、龋齿与牙周病的诊断与病理、菌斑控制的理论与实践、饮食与牙齿健康的营养指导等，学员对这些课程的评价结果如下：(1)75%的毕业生表示能听懂。在授课和实习数量方面，66.6%的毕业生反应良好。(2)…毕业生更多的学生毕业后愿意参加以下活动：刷牙100%，刷牙66%，口腔检查41.6%，营养指导33.3%。至于接受指导的合适地点，偏好如下：在卫生所，75%，在当地的房子里50%。(3)通过理论与实践相结合的方式，提高了学生对社区健康活动的认识和动机，取得了较好的效果。(4)该项目通过培训教师成为卫生工作者，并将口腔健康教育引入学校，在促进发展中国家的口腔健康活动方面非常成功。另一方面，由于城市化和从食品、饮料和糖果中摄取的糖的增加，该村学龄儿童的龋齿患病率最近呈现上升趋势。1994年12月，对一所小学的50名儿童进行了氟化除口术。6年后，该项目的参与者是15所小学的2397名儿童。这种参与式项目可以增加健康自力更生的能力，这一计划可能会被尼泊尔村庄采用。较少

Since 1989, we have taken part in an internatioutal cooperative effort in the field of dental health care in Thecho village, the Kingdom of Nepal. From 1994-2000, a training project to train professional staff for oral health care was carried out with the local leaders of the village community. This training was held once a year for seven days. During three years 218 persons graduated from the program, They consisted of primary school teachers, counter-parts, health workers, mother volunteers and committee members. The subjects of the training sessions were dental medicine, diagnosis and pathology of dental cavities and periodontal disease, theory and practice for plaque control and nutrition guidance for eating and dental health.The results of the evaluations of these programs by the students were as follows : (1)75% of the graduates reported that they could understand the programs. As far as the amounts of lectures and practice, 66.6% of the graduates respond favorably. (2)Graduates … More wanted to do the following activities after graduation : brushing 100%, scaling 66%, oral examination 41.6% and nutrition guidance 33.3%. As for a suitable place to receive this instruction, preferences were as follows : at the health post 75%, in a local house 50%. (3) To promote students understanding and motivation for health activities in their own community, this training program was very successful, that combined both theory and practice . (4)This project was very successful in the area of promoting oral health activities in a developing country through training teachers as health workers and introducing the oral health education into the schools.On the other hand, The prevalence of dental caries of school children in this village has recently shown an increase due to urbanization and increaseingsugar consumption from food, beverages and sweets. The fluoride mouth-rincing program was performed in December 1994 with 50 children of one primary school. After 6 years, the participants of this program were 2397 children of 15 primary school. This kind of participatory project can increase self-reliance for healtk This program might be adopted by Nepalese villages. Less