The role of hypothalamic hormone and hypotalamic hormone receptor in pituitary neoplasms

垂体腺瘤历来是根据颜色亲和性，其次是根据超微结构和免疫组织化学分类的。当前技术的发展要求垂体腺瘤的新分类必须整合这些大量的信息以及临床信息。为此，我们提出了一种新的垂体腺瘤临床细胞功能分类方法，该方法以临床表现为基础，综合生物学、影像学、功能和超微结构等方面的信息。我们通过免疫组织化学（IHC）、原位杂交（ISH）和电子显微镜检查了大约600例手术获得的腺瘤组织。通过免疫组化和超微结构技术，大多数GH分泌腺瘤呈现多激素表达，提示垂体特异性转录因子Pit-1可能在GH、TSH和PRL分泌腺瘤的功能分化和多激素分泌中起作用。临床无功能腺瘤表现出促性腺激素分泌和IHC激素表达与ISH基因表达之间的差异。此外，我们还利用原位聚合酶链反应研究了下丘脑激素、下丘脑激素受体、雌激素受体、类维生素a X受体等多种转录物的表达，这些转录物被认为在肿瘤发生和细胞分化中起重要作用。分子生物学技术在临床细胞功能分类中的应用，将有助于更好地了解垂体腺瘤的病理生理和功能。

Pituitary adenomas have been classified historically on the basis of tinctorial affinities, followed by the basis of ultrastructure and immunohistochemistry. The current development of technologies necessitate the new classification of pituitary adenomas which integrates these numerous informations as well as the clinical informations. For this purpose, we suggest a new clinical cytofunctional classification of pituitary adenomas, which is based on clinical manifestations and integrates the information on biology, images, function and ultrastructure. We have examined about 600 surgically obtained adenoma tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH) and electronmicroscopy. By IHC and ultrastructural techniques, most GH-producting adenomas present multihormonal expressions and it has been suggested that pituitary specific transcriptional factor Pit-1 may have a role in the functional differentiation and the multihormonality of GH, TSH and PRL secreting adenomas. Clinically non-functioning adenomas have demonstrated gonadotropin secretion and the descrepancy between hormonal expression by IHC and gene expression by ISH.Furthermore, we have investigated the expression of various transcriptes including hypothalamic hormones, hypothalamic hormone receptors, estrogen receptor, retinoid X receptor, which regarded to have important roles on tumorigenesis and cell differentiation, using in situ polymerase chain reaction. Introduction of the molecular biotechniques in clinical cyto-functional classification is expected to provide a better understanding of the pathophysiologies and functions of pituitary adenomas.