Development of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar System for Precise Displacement Measurement of Rock Wall

本研究旨在发展一种使用5-6 GHz微波的地基合成孔径雷达（SAR）系统，用于精确测量岩壁位移。我们已经开发了一个原型的SAR系统和实验评估其性能。几毫米量级的位移可以通过微分干涉功能检测到。极化函数对于建筑物、树木等雷达目标的识别是有效的，本文将极化函数应用于探地雷达（GroundPenetrating Radar，GPR）和地雷探测等雷达应用中。(1)硬件研制我们构建了一个双极化天线的地基SAR系统。它实现了干涉和偏振功能。研制了一种用于地雷探测的天线定位器。(2)信号处理软件开发完成了SAR成像软件的开发。本研究采用了F-k偏移和衍射叠加方法。(3)对开发的系统进行了评价。在空中，我们可以探测到距离雷达系统约30米的目标。我们还将该算法应用于探地雷达。在地雷探测方面，探讨了用雷达干涉测量法消除地面反射。

This research aims at development of a ground-based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system using 5-6 GHz microwave for precise measurement of displacement of rock wall. We have developed a proto-type of the SAR system and experimentally evaluated its performance. A displacement of the order of a few mm could be detected by Differential Interferometric function. Polarimetric function was effective for discrimination of radar targets such as buildings and trees.Then we have applied the SAR algorithms to other radar applications including Ground Penetrating radar (GPR) and detection of land mines.(1) Hardware developmentWe constructed a ground-based SAR system with dual polarization antennas. It achieves Interferometric and Polarimetric functions. An antenna positioner for land mine detection was developed.(2) Signal processing software developmentSoftware for SAR imaging was developed. F-k migration and diffraction stacking were used in this study.(3) Evaluation of the developed systemThe developed system was evaluated. In the air, we could detect targets about 30 m from the radar system. We also applied the algorithm for GPR. As for land mine detection, we discussed to remove the ground surface reflection by radar interferometry.