Situation-act frequency approach on trait inferences

在本报告中，我们从交互作用的观点来研究特质推断的过程。我们发现，在特定情境下的典型行为中，行为频率与目标人物性格特征评分之间的相关性显著较高。然而，在本研究中，情况是任意选择的。在此基础上，我们尝试构建基于词汇方法的有效情境分类。结果表明，情景可从设置、关系、功能、环境、语境5个角度进行分类。成功构建了环境、关系、功能三个方面的分类体系。然而，环境和语境分类法很难用词汇法来构建。设置条件应分为13个更高的类别。用日记法进行乳制品相互作用分析的结果表明，这些类别对相互作用的乳制品设置进行了有效的分类。此外，在这些情境下典型行为的出现频率上，特质可见性也存在差异。这些结果表明情境-行为原型在特质推断过程中可能起着重要作用。

In this report, we examine the process of trait inferences from the viewpoint of interactionism. We found that correlations between the act frequency and the trait rating of the target person's character were significantly higher at the typical behavior under specific situation. However, the situations were selected arbitrary in this study. Then, we tried to construct the valid situational taxonomy for trait inferences based on the lexical approach.As the results, we concluded that the situations were classified simultaneously from following five viewpoints, 1) setting, 2) relationship, 3) function, 4) environment, and 5) context. The taxonomy of three aspects (setting, relationship, function) was successfully constructed. However, environmental and contextual taxonomy was difficult to construct by lexical approach.The setting terms should be grouped into 13 higher categories. And the results of the dairy interactional analysis by the diary method revealed that these categories had the validity to classify dairy settings of interaction. Moreover, trait visibility was differed on the frequency of typical acts under these situations. These results showed that the situation-act prototype might have an important role in the process of trait inferences.