An investigation of the relationships between the dementia care and the caregiver's lay theory of the emotional individual difference for dementia.

关于痴呆患者个体差异的心理学研究很少。在本研究中，我们探讨了痴呆患者的情绪和特征个体差异与照顾者的心理理论之间的关系。研究对象是几个护理机构和集体之家的230名看护者。采用半结构化访谈法，对25名痴呆家庭成员的外行理论进行了调查。本研究的主要结果如下：1)基于Eric Method （Fleming, 1999）提出了痴呆患者情绪的日语编码类别。2)对照顾者对痴呆患者情绪和特征个体差异的评价进行因子分析。三个因素（积极，消极，不适）引出了他们的情绪方面。特征方面有四个因素（攻击性、合作性、责任心和自闭性）。随着老年痴呆症患者经验的增加，他们对老年痴呆症患者的负面印象也越来越多。4)分析痴呆患者家属的lay theories。同样的维度在情感和性格方面都被引出。5)家庭感受到了痴呆症患者的特征变化。与病前相比，积极、合作、尽责性显著降低。6)基于攻击、合作、尽责三个特征维度的半分得分，将痴呆患者分为8种类型。这八种类型（冷漠、退缩、敏感、主动、攻击、强迫、自我、自尊）与照顾者对适当照顾方式的认知有中度相关。结果表明，照顾者对痴呆个体差异有自己的理论基础，并隐式地选择适合痴呆患者的照顾方式。然后，我们提出将这八种类型判别用于新手护理人员的教育。少

Few psychological studies have been conducted on the individual differences of the dementia patients. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the dementia care and the caregiver's lay theory of the emotional and characteristic individual differences for dementia patient. Subjects were 230 caregivers of the several nursing-care facilities and the group-homes. We also investigate the lay theory of 25 family members of dementia by using semi-structured interview. Main results of this study were as follows.1)We proposed Japanese coding categories for the emotions of dementia person based on the Eric Method (Fleming, 1999).2) The caregiver's rating for the emotional and characteristic individual differences of the dementia patients were factor analyzed. Three factors (positive, negative, discomfort) were elicited on their emotional aspects. Four factors (aggressive, cooperative, conscientious, and autistic) were found for the characteristic aspects.3)The caregivers have come … More to negative impressions on the dementia patients with the increase of their years of experiences.4)The lay theories of the families of dementia patients were analyzed. The same dimensions were elicited both of the emotional and characteristics aspects.5)The family felt a characteristic change of the dementia person. Positivity, cooperation and conscientiousness were significantly reduced compared with their premorbid character.6)We divided the dementia person to eight types based on the split-half score of three characteristic dimensions (aggression, cooperation, conscientiousness). These eight types (Apathy, Withdrawal, Sensitive, Active, Aggressive, Obsessive, Egotistic, and Self-respected) were moderately related with the caregiver's cognition of the appropriate style of care.These results showed that the caregivers had their lay theory about the individual difference of dementia and implicitly choose their care style appropriate for the dementia person. Then, we proposed to use these eight type discriminations for the education of the novice caregivers. Less