Social Historical Research on Family Education in early 20th Century Germany

本研究旨在探讨20世纪初的德国是如何讨论家庭和家庭教育的。尤其是，我注重母亲节已成为传播理想家庭的重要角色。母亲节一在美国诞生，就传遍了全世界。它在德国被接受了。当时，德国因战败而感到困惑，精神上的重新安排是迫切需要的主题。1925年成立了一个委员会来解决这个问题。它是由一个民间团体、一个地方政府、一个有知识的人等等组成的。其中一个组成小组是大家庭联盟。这个联盟展示了一个理想的家庭形象，并尝试重新安排民间，并认为母亲节是重点。本研究分析了该团会刊的变化。在母亲节里，一方赞美一个家庭和母亲，另一方批评一个家庭和一个女人。这种说法与国家重建不无关系。魏玛德国的家庭之争表明，通往极权主义的道路已经开始。

This research aims at investigating how a family and family education were discussed in Germany of the 20th century beginning.Especially, I pays attention to Mother's Day's having become big role to spread the ideal Family.As soon as the Mother's Day was born in America, it spread out into the world. And it was accepted in Germany. At that time, Germany got confused by the defeat, and a mental rearrangement was the subject of a pressing need.A committee was established in 1925 to solve that subject. It was composed by a folks group, a local government, a knowledgeable person individual, and so on. One of the composition groups was the league of Large Family. This league showed an ideal family figure, and tried the rearrangement of the folk, and thought Mother's Day to be emphasis.A change in the bulletin of this league was analyzed by this research. A family and mother are praised on one side, and a family and a woman are criticized on the other side in the Mother's Day. Such argument isn't unrelated with the national reconstruction.The argument of the family in Weimar German shows that an approach run to the totalitarianism had begun.