A Method and Theory of System Designing for Management

自动售货机系统设计的投入是什么？是硬币吗？我们通常把硬币扔进自动售货机。因此，我们倾向于认为投入是硬币。但在制度设计过程中，不能把硬币作为投入。硬币只是一个导火索。此外，硬币也是这个系统的一个要素。在这种情况下，输入的是罐装果汁。一般来说，输入不是设计的对象。在许多情况下，触发器是设计的对象。本文对触发器和输入法进行了比较。触发器是在系统设计过程中定义和解释的，输出和输入对于系统的设计是非常重要的。但在系统设计中，要找到输出和输入并非易事。在本研究中，首先分析了目标陈述与待设计输入/输出之间的关系。其次，阐明了只有表达对象语句，才能表达要设计的输入/输出。第三，描述了从目标语句中寻找输入/输出的方法，系统设计中的输入由人、物和信息组成。一般来说，在设计系统时，需要输入代表系统输出轮廓的蓝图的信息。有四种方法可以确定这样的信息输入。它们是：(1)函数法、(2)另一独立系统法、(3)分量分解法和(4)投入扩张法。澄清上层函数以确定此类信息输入是很重要的。

What is the input in system designing of automatic vending machine ? Is it coin ? We usually throw coin into the machine. Therefore we are apt to consider coin the input. But in process of system design coin must not be considered the input. Coin is just a trigger. Also coin is an element of the system. In this case input is canned juice. Generally input is not an object of design. In many cases trigger is an object of design. In this paper trigger and input are compared. Trigger is defined and explained in process of system designing.Output and input are very important for designing a system. But it is not easy to find output and input in system designing. In this research, first, relation of objective statement and the input/output to be designed is analyzed. Second, it is clarified that only if a object statement is expressed, the input/output to be designed can be also expressed. Third, a way of finding input/output from the objective statement is described.Inputs in system designing consist of human beings, materials and information. In general, information input of a blueprint which represents the profile of the system output is needed to design a system. There are four ways to determine such information input. They are ways by (1)function, (2)another independent system, (3)component decomposition and (4)input expansion. It is important to clarify the upper level function to determine such information input.