Test of time-reversal symmetry using laser-cooled atoms

研究了激光冷却镱原子的基本原理，并对原子的永久电偶极矩进行了探索。特别是发展了^1S_0-^1P_1跃迁MOT、^1S_0-^3P_1跃迁MOT、交叉FORT和延迟交叉FORT、同位素对同步交叉FORT、交叉FORT中原子的蒸发冷却、费米子和玻色子的共振冷却等新的实验技术，获得了新的物理认识。为了进行EDM测量，到目前为止，我们已经成功地在1秒内将原子转移了6 mm。通过光学捕获技术，在转移过程中没有额外的原子损失。此外，在EDM测量中，冷原子需要施加高电场，因此我们使用碱金属原子中对EDM最敏感的原子Cs原子和激光冷却原子中最常用的Cs原子进行了实验。即使在7.5kV/cm的电场下，我们也成功地捕获了与零场下一样多的Cs原子，并考虑了自旋量子非破坏测量和EDM探测激发态^3P_2的可能性。

We have studied basics of laser cooling ytterbium atoms towards the search of the atomic permanent electric dipole moment (EDM). Especially, we have developed new experimental techniques such as MOT using ^1S_0-^1P_1 transition, MOT using ^1S_0-^3P_1 transition, crossed FORT and delayed crossed FORT, simultaneous crossed FORT of isotope pairs, evaporative cooling of atoms in crossed FORT, sympathetic cooling of fermion and boson, and have obtained new physical insights. To perform EDM measurements, we have so far succeeded in transferring the atoms by 6 mm in 1 sec. by optical trapping technique, in which there is no additional loss of atoms during the transfer. In addition, high electric fields should be applied to the cold atoms in the EDM measurements, so we demonstrated such experiment using Cs atoms which is the most sensitive atom to electron EDM among the alkaline atoms and the most popular among the laser cooled atoms. Even in the presence of 7.5kV/cm field, we have successfully trapped as many Cs atoms by compensating the Stark shift as in the zero-filed.We also considered possibilities of the spin quantum nondemolition measurement and EDM search of excited^3P_2 state.