Development of simulator for manufacturing system to flexibly suit aged workers' skill and health

本研究的目的是开发一个制造系统的模拟器，以提前评估老年工人的工作量和生产力。首先，对传统数字人体模型的评价方法进行了改进。其次，进行了一些实验，确定了技能和健康的评价标准。研究结果如下：1。为了补充数字人体模型“杰克”的评价功能，本文提出了三种评价方法。它们用于在3D-CG构建的虚拟工作世界中评估工人与工作环境之间的适应性。它们是：(1)人体重心稳定性评价(2)四准则能见度评价；“看不见”、“看得见”、“瞬间见”、“很容易见”。(3)根据肢体高度和工作时关节的扭矩对上肢疼痛程度进行评估。已经发展了两种测量下肢肿胀的方法。直立站立时的肿胀测量结果表明，肿胀与疲劳疲劳之间存在显著的相关关系，站立时的运动使肿胀减小。为探讨技术技能的掌握与生理变化的关系，进行了实验研究。结果，随着技能的掌握，生理特征变得稳定。编制了老年人特征数据库和图形用户界面，并编制了能够包括老年工人或女工因素的制造系统模拟器。研究结果为设计灵活适应老年工人技能和健康的制造系统提供了思路。

The purpose of the study is to develop a simulator for manufacturing system to evaluate workload and productivity of aged workers in advance. First, evaluation methods included into conventional Digital Human Models were improved. Secondly, some experiments were carried out to determine the evaluation criteria for the skill and health. The results are as follows :1. Three evaluation methods have been developed to supplement the evaluation functions of the Digital Human Model "Jack". They are used for the assessment of fitness between the workers and working surroundings in virtual working world constructed with 3D-CG. They are as follows;(1) Stability assessment for center of gravity of human body(2) Visibility assessment with four criteria; "invisible", "visible by watching", "visible in a moment", "easily visible"(3) Painfulness assessment for upper limb based on height of the limb and torques about the joints during working2. Two methods for measuring swelling of the lower extremities have been developed. The measurements of the swelling during upright standing showed that significant correlation between the swelling and fatigue tiredness was estimated, and the swelling went down due to movement during standing.3. Experiments for investigating the relation between mastering of technical skill and physiological change were carried out. As a result the physiological characteristics became stable as the skill was mastered.4. A database and a GUI for characteristics of aged people and a simulator for manufacturing system enabling to include the factors of aged or women's workers have been developed.The results of the study give many hints to the concept for designing manufacturing system to flexibly suit aged workers' skill and health.