The Efferts of UV-A and UV-B radiation on the expression of genes in flower pigment biosynthesis

以自然光照下开花后花瓣呈红色的变色玫瑰“Ehigasa”为材料，研究了不同紫外光质量（UV- a: 400 ~ 320 nm, UV- b: 320 ~ 280 nm）对花色素（花青素）生物合成的影响。用PC分离色素和部分水解产物，测定吸收光谱，确定花青素骨架和结合糖的含量。不同发育阶段和光照处理下总花青素含量及主要两种花青素与总花青素含量之比的HPLC分析。‘Ehigasa’花瓣中主要花青素鉴定为花青素3,5-二葡糖苷（Cy-3G5G）和花青素3-葡萄糖苷（Cy-3G）。紫外刺激下花青素的生物合成随着可见光照射量的增加而增强。Cy-3G含量随花蕾的发育呈增加趋势，未展开时Cy-3G含量超过Cy-3G5G。叶莴苣(cv。用不同波长的紫外辅助辐照处理含有丰富红色色素“花青素”的红火，其叶绿素含量和花青素含量均明显增加。UV-B辐射（> ~ 290 nm）对植物生长无影响，而UV-B辐射（> ~ 280 nm）对叶片生长有破坏性影响。即使是UV-B280的低辐照度也是致命的。当仅在夜间进行补充紫外线照射时，生长发育受到很大抑制。而白天和夜间照射对叶片颜色没有影响（色素含量没有增加），但对生长没有影响。

The color-changing rose 'Ehigasa' , which petals are redden after flowering under natural daylight, was investigate to clarify the effect of UV light quality (UV-A : 400-320 nm and UV-B : 320-280 nm) on flower pigment (anthocyanin) biosynthesis. Qualification of anthocyanidin skeleton and the bound sugars was investigated by separating of pigments and partial hydrolysates by PC and by measuring absorption spectrum. HPLC analysis of the total anthocyanin content and the ratio of main two anthocyanins to total anthocyanin content at differential developmental stages and light treatment. Main anthocyanins contained in petals of 'Ehigasa' were qualified as cyanidin 3,5-diglucosides (Cy-3G5G) and cyanidin 3-glucoside (Cy-3G). Biosynthesis of anthocyanin stimulated by UV was enhanced with increasing irradiation of visible light at the same time. Tendency of increasing ratio of Cy-3G was observed according to developing flower bud, and the quantity of Cy-3G was exceeded that of Cy-3G5G at unfolded.Leaf lettuce (cv. Red fire) which has colorful red pigment "anthocyanin" was treated with various UV supplemental irradiations, Chlorophyll and anthocyanin amount was much increased by UV irradiation with all wavelength. UV-B(>290 nm) radiation had no effect on the plant growth and the UV-B(>280 nm) affected leaf growth destructively. Even the low irradiance of UV-B280 was fatal. When the supplemental UV irradiation practiced at night only, the growth and development inhibited largely. While day and night irradiation result in no change in leaf color (the amount of pigments did not increased) but has no effect on growth.