Longitudinal Study on Fall Prevention for Elderly Persons

1999年至2002年间进行了三项研究，旨在明确老年人预防跌倒的护理方法。我们于一九九九年至二零零二年进行了一项有关家居长者预防跌倒的纵向研究。使用与健康相关的生活质量（QOL）、对跌倒的恐惧和骨密度来评估受试者在过去一年内发生的跌倒。我们发现跌倒经历降低了社区老年人的健康相关生活质量。为老年医院和卫生保健机构的老年患者开发了跌倒风险评估工具。在三个月内发生跌倒的经历，以及在穿衣、梳洗和行走方面需要的帮助与跌倒显著相关。采用多元逻辑分析，并对这些项目进行加权评分。该工具的得分分布为0-12，分界点为5。灵敏度为64%，特异度为83.2%。该工具的可靠性得到了验证。2002年，对某专科医院一年的秋季报告进行了分析。调查了接受最新医疗治疗的老年患者的跌倒情况。评估护理人员预防跌倒意识的纵向变化。2002年开发了预防跌倒的自我评价工具，2002年至2003年继续进行跌倒风险调查。我们计划利用我们的结果开发一种用于专科医院的跌倒风险评估工具。

Between 1999 and 2002, three studies were conducted to clarify fall prevention care methods for elderly persons.1. A longitudinal study on fall prevention for elderly persons living in their homes was conducted from 1999 to 2002. The subjects were evaluated for falls that had occurred within the past year using health related Quality of Life (QOL), fear of falling, and bone density. We found that fall experiences decreased health related QOL among elderly persons in the community.2. The fall risk assessment tool was developed for elderly patients in geriatric hospitals and health care facilities. Fall experiences occurring within three months, and assistance required with dressing, grooming, and walking were significantly related to falls. Multiple logistic analysis was used and these items were weighted in scoring. Score distribution for this tool was 0-12 with a cut off point at 5. Sensitivity was 64%, and peculiarity degree was 83.2%. The tool was confirmed for reliability.3. The fall reports for a year, in a specific specialty hospital, were analyzed in 2002. Falls in elderly patients, who underwent the latest medical treatments, were investigated. The longitudinal change in awareness of fall prevention among nursing staff was evaluated. A self-evaluation tool for fall prevention was developed in 2002 and the fall risk investigation continued from 2002 to 2003. We plan to use our results to develop a fall risk assessment tool for use in specialty hospitals.