Psychological stress measurement of athletes in sport activities

本研究旨在筛选出测量运动员心理应激反应的指标，并将其改进为有效的测量方法，并利用这些指标探讨运动员心理应激反应的特点。选择的指标是体积描记法（PTG）和唾液皮质酮（SC）。入选的理由是：能够在体育活动现场进行测量，不给人造成心理压力，能够连续或重复测量。由PTG可以得到波高变异系数（CV_<WH>）和脉间变异系数（CV_<p-p>），CV_<WH>与交感神经功能有关。结果表明，心电信号中CV_1与CV_2之间存在高度相关性<p-p><R-R>，可能具有副交感神经功能。首先，我们测量了普通学生对两种应激练习的急性应激反应（心算，令人震惊的图片）使用心理测试（SAI，SSRS-res）、PTG、应激激素和SC的变化，结果表明，焦虑等情绪变化与血糖皮质激素和SC的变化有关。提示慢性高焦虑、愤怒状态与CV_1的改变有关<WH>。第三，对运动员在比赛前的急性应激反应进行了测试，在比赛要求获胜但难度较大的情况下，运动员的应激反应强度（SC）增加，表明PTG和SC是适应运动活动的应激反应指标。在此之后，我们将提高两个指标的准确性，并继续测量。

Purpose of this study was to select indices for measuring athlete's psychological stress responses and improved it to effective way of measuring, and to investigated features of athlete's psychological stress responses with these indices. Selected indices was plethysmography (PTG) and salivary corticosterone (SC). Reasons of being selected are that they are able to be measured at scene of sports activities, they don't give psychological stress, and they are able to be measured successively or repeatedly. We can get coefficient of variation of wave height (CV_<WH>) and coefficient of variation of pulse interval (CV_<p-p>) from PTG.CV_<WH> is connected with sympathetic function. We saw that there was high correlation between CV_<p-p> and CV_<R-R> in ECG, and it could be of parasympathetic function.Three experiments are prepared. First, we measured acute stress response of general students to two stress exercises (mental arithmetic, shocking picture) using psychological tests (SAI, SSRS-res), PTG, blood stress hormones and SC.As a result, it showed that change of emotion such as anxiety was connected with change of blood glucocorticoid and SC.Second, we measured the stress response of athletes during league series using POMS, PTG and SC.As a result, it showed that state of chronic high anxiety and anger was connected with the change of CV_<WH>. Third, we measured acute stress response of athletes before game which he/she was demanded to win but it was hard, the SC was increased.These experiments showed that PTG and SC were index of stress response adapted to sports activities. After this, we will improve accuracy of two indices, and continue measuring.