Annual and daily changes of the Amazon river water level

1.亚马逊河Armugl水位变化：里奥内格罗年水位周期反映了降雨特征，即，流域的雨季和旱季。马瑙斯的水位通常在6月下旬达到顶峰，10月下旬降至谷底。根据IBGE（1977，1991），水位在1月初开始上升，经过8个月的时间逐渐接近最高点，然后在6月下旬再次回到最低点，历时4个月。根据马瑙斯港的数据，数据显示了1903年至1991年期间年最大值和年最小值的89年移动平均值。波尔图的数据显示，年最大值和年最小值每年都有变化。但最大年平均水位为27.70 m，标准差（σ）为1.13，最小年平均水位为17.81 m，σ为1.88。较低的σ ...更多信息 通过观察波尔图数据的变化，也可以了解动物最高水位与年最低水位的比较。最高水位和最低水位之间的差值显示平均值为9.89 m（σ：1.89），即，大约10米。两个极端之间的最大间距为14.13 m（1909年），最小间距为6.10 m（1969年）。亚马逊河水位日变化：亚马逊河河口Breves和Caxiuana的水位日变化表现为：（1）潮汐周期导致水位每天升降两次。由于布雷维斯和卡丘阿纳几乎位于赤道上，因此没有出现昼夜不平等。(2)在春潮期间，与满月和新月相关联，水位变化曲线几乎重合。然而，它们在小潮期间以不同的模式出现。(3)大潮期间高、低水位的变化在Breves为4月0.89m，11月1.26m，在Caxiuana为4月0.20m，11月0.27m。(4)4月17：00-18：00左右，由于航运干扰，水位出现不规则变化。(5)有一个相当大的时间间隔在布雷维斯和卡丘阿纳之间的潮汐。由时滞计算出的涨、落潮流约为15 km/h。少

1. Armugl water level changes of the Amazon:The annual water level cycle of the Rio Negro reflects the rainfall characteristics, I.e., the wet and dry seasons in the drainage basin. The water level at Manaus normally reaches its peak in late June, and bottoms in late October. According to IBGE (1977, 1991), the water level begins to rise in early January, taking eight months to gradually approach its maximum, and then in late June it returns again to its lowest level within a period of four months.How high dose the annual maxima and minima reach? The data based on data from the Adinmistracao do Port de Manaus illustrates the 89 - year moving averages for the annual maxima and minima between 1903 and 1991.The Porto's data reveals that both the annual maximum and minimum varies from year to year. However, the maximum average annual water level is 27.70 m, and the standard deviation (σ) is 1.13, while the minimum average annual water level is 17.81 m, and the σ is 1.88 . The lowerσ for th … More e animal maximum water level as compared to the annual minimum water level can be understood by looking at the variation in the Porto's data as well. The difference between the maximum and the minimum water levels shows an average of 9.89 m (σ:1.89), I.e., about 10 m. The maximum spread between the two extremes is 14.13m (1909), and the minimum spread is 6.10 m (1969).2. Daily water level changes of the Amazon:Daily water level changes at Breves and Caxiuana, Amazon estuary show as follows:(1) As expected, the tidal cycles induce the water levels to rise and fall twice-a-day. Since Breves and Caciuana are situated almost on the equator, there is no appearance of diurnal inequality.(2) During the spring tides, associated wilh the full and new phases of the moon, the curves for water level changes almost coincide. However, they appear in a different pattern during the neap tides.(3) The variations between the high and low levels during the spring tides are 0.89m in April and 1.26m in November at Breves, and 0.20m in April and 0.27m in November at Caxiuana.(4) An irregular movement of water levels occurred around 17:00-18:00, in April owing to shipping disturbance.(5) There is a considerable time lag in the tides between Breves and Caciuana. The flood and ebb currents calculated from the time lag reach about 15km per hour. Less