An analysis of mealtime situations in contrastive modes of dining and the psychology of diners

这个案例研究调查了不同的用餐模式（即在餐馆吃饭，吃商店买的饭，吃自己准备的饭）可能对年轻人产生的心理影响。它进一步揭示了通常在不同模式下进行的用餐时间谈话的性质。参与者是64名年龄在18到20岁之间的女学生，她们在每种模式下都被配对在一起用餐，总共有96种用餐情况（32对x 3餐）。用餐过程被记录在数字视频中，随后进行分析，重点关注参与者的对话交流性质。当比较这三种模式的谈话量和谈论的话题时，我们发现参与者在外出就餐时倾向于谈论较少的话题，并且围绕课程内容和其他与学校有关的话题，而不是与家庭和个人生活有关的话题，这都表明用餐时的氛围不如在店内（商店购买或自己准备的食物）轻松。在三种模式中发现的实际用餐时间会话主题的分解如下：正在吃的食物8.4%，一般膳食15.5%，桌上有什么3.0%，日常家庭生活8.5%，家庭特殊事件8.4%，日常学校生活29.8%，学校特殊事件24.1%。换句话说，26.9%的谈话话题与吃饭有关，而70.8%的话题与吃饭无关。这一结果表明，女大学生在一起吃饭时，更重视吃饭的社交方面，而不是营养或餐桌礼仪等方面

This case study investigated what psychological effects different modes of dining (i.e. eating out in restaurants, eating store-bought meals, and eating self-prepared meals) may have on young people. It further revealed the nature of mealtime conversation that was usually carried on in the different modes. The participants were 64 female students aged 18 to 20 who were paired up to dine together in each of the modes, for a total of 96 mealtime situations (32 pairs x 3 meals). The meals were recorded on digital video and subsequently analysed with a focus on the nature of conversational exchanges had by the participants. When the three modes were compared in terms of the amount of conversation exchanged and the topics talked about, it was found that participants while eating out tended to talk less and on topics centering on course content and other school-related areas as opposed to those related to home and personal life, both suggesting a less relaxing mealtime atmosphere than while eating in (store-bought or self-prepared food). The breakdown of actual mealtime conversational topics found across the three modes is as follows : the food being eaten 8.4%, meals in general 15.5%, what is on the table 3.0%, daily home life 8.5%, special incidents at home 8.4%, daily school life 29.8%, special incidents at school 24.1%. In other words, 26.9% of the conversational topics were meal-related while 70.8% were non-meal-related. This result suggests that female students dining together attach a heavier significance to the social aspect of eating rather than to such other aspects as nutrition or table manners