Application Study on Bio-energy of Wood Residues and Livestock-Wastes for Carbon Circulation and Water Environment Preservation in Japanese Local Towns

生物能源有望成为应对全球气候变暖和化石燃料枯竭的能源之一。在欧洲，生物能源发电系统和供热系统十分发达。第二次世界大战后，随着日本人工林面积的扩大，植树造林已发展到位于地方城镇的山区，人工林面积占日本总面积的三分之一以上。近年来，由于原木的使用效率低、价格低，对其进行了减薄处理。它是添加的；在地方城镇，畜禽粪便对水质的污染已成为一个严重的问题。随着全球气候变暖、化石燃料枯竭和水环境保护的新解决方案的要求，地方城镇的延续变得极其重要和必要。该项目的目的是寻求生物能源的适用性，通过木材残渣（包括薄原木）和牲畜粪便，实现日本当地城镇的二氧化碳循环和水环境保护。在研究期间，多次赴日本及瑞典、德国、瑞士、阿斯托里亚、新西兰、冈山、宫崎、岩手县、北海道等国家进行考察。国外游学活动的重点是：木材生产和处理活动，收集和使用木材和木材残留物作为生物能源资源的方法，收集燃料成本及其燃料价格和城镇的生物质能系统。由此，我们认识到从森林到最终用户的整个木材生物质利用系统。对以畜禽废弃物为燃料的蒸汽动力发电系统开发用内流化炉自由板内的燃烧特性进行了实验和理论研究。并对木材废弃物和畜禽废弃物共烧进行了分析。结果表明，燃料气体在炉内完全燃烧，使炉保持在高温状态。在日本，在北海道的日田市、大田县、宫崎县和Ashoro镇进行了木材废弃物和畜禽废弃物利用的测试分析。在这些情况下，生物质能资源的存在足以创建新的生物质能源供应系统，其适用性得到了足够高的认可。2000年7月，我们在大分县日田市（2000年7月）和北海道Ashoro镇（2002年1月）为市民举办了研讨会。总共有400多名公民参加了这些讨论会。研究报告分别于2000年12月和2002年3月发表。少

Bioenergy is expected to become one of the energy resources to cope with global warning and exhaustion of fossil fuels. In Europe, the electricity power generation system and the heat supply system by bioenergy resources is very developed.As the plantation area has expanded after World War II in Japan, afforestation has progressed to mountainous regions located in local towns and the plantation area occupies more than one-third of the whole area of Japan. Recently the thinning and treatment for it are needed, but they are not executed enough by the reasons of low utility and low-price of logs. And it is added ; in the local towns the pollution of the water quality by the livestock-wastes bccome to be serious problem. The continuance of the local towns become strictly important and necessary with requirement of new solution fiom the viewpoint of global warning, exhaustion of fossil fuels and water environment preservation.The objective of this project is to seek the applicability of bio … More energy by wood residues (included the thinned logs) and the livestock wastes realizing the CO2 circulation and water environment preservation into Japanese local towns.In the study periods, several study trips were conducted in Japan and foreign countries, that is Sweden, Germany, Switzerland, Astoria and New Zealand, and Okayama, Miyazaki, Iwate prefecture and Hokkaido. The focuses of the study trips in the foreign countries were followings ; wood production and treatment activities, collecting and using methods of wood and wood residues as bioenergy resources, collecting cost of fuel and its price for fuel and the Biomass energy system in the town. From these we recognized the whole wood biomass utilization system from forest to end-user.The experimental and theoretical studies on combustion characteristics in a free board of an internal fluidized-bed fumace for development of steam-driven power generating system-using livestock-wastes as fuel were conducted. And the co-firing with wood waste and livestock waste was analyzed. The results show that the fuel gases are completely burned in the furnace, maintaining the furnace at high temperatures.In Japan, the test analyses for wood waste and Livestock wastes utilization were conducted in Hita city, Ohita Pref., Miyazaki Pref. and Ashoro town in Hokkaido. In all cases the Biomass energy resources are existed enough to create the new energy supply system by biomass and its applicability's were recognized to be high sufficiently.We held the seminars in Hita city, Oita pref. (July 2000) and Ashoro town, Hokkaido (January 2002) for the citizens. Totally more than four hundreds citizens participated in these seminars. And the research reports are published in December 2000 and March 2002. Less