On the Placement System after Admission into Universities in the U.S.A.

1999年，该项目启动后，日本许多大学开始采用“通过招生办公室(AO)录取”的制度，这一项目为其迅速推广做出了很大贡献。入学考试的多样化、录取标准的多样化，以及由于子女数量下降而导致的大学申请者之间的激烈竞争局面的缓解，导致一所大学甚至一个系的学生在基本学术技能上存在很大差距。从这一角度出发，我们在日本四年制大学的所有部门开展了关于补习教育的调查，结果表明，许多大学都在解决如何提高学生的基本学术技能的问题。可以预见，“如何保持大学生的基本水平”、“大学教授的专业发展”、“大学录取方法的改进”等问题将成为大学改革关注的焦点。在该项目中，我们还调查和报道了国外特别是美国和英国的教育制度，包括招生方法、提高学生的基本学术能力、教授的聘用和晋升政策以及教师发展(FD)。该项目的部分成员实际参加了为海外大学新聘教授举办的文凭课程，并报告了课程的细节。我们邀请了一些在海外大学任教、有海外教学经验、目前在日本大学任教的人为我们的期末考试做贡献，并向我们介绍他们对日本大学的看法。在这个项目中，我们总是试图不仅介绍外国的教育制度，而且进行有助于日本大学教职员工理解的研究，同时在教育中考虑日本文化。从这个角度来看，我们对这个项目取得的成果感到非常自豪

In the year 1999, when this project started, a lot of universities in Japan began adopting the system of"entrance through the Admissions Office (AO)"and this project contributed much to its rapid spread. The diversification in entrance exams, standards of admission and the easing of the highly competitive situation among the applicants to universities, in consequence of the decline in the number of children, have caused a big disparity in basic academic skills of students in a university or even in a department. As a result, remedial education of basic academic skills has become one of the most important issues in order to make classes in a university efficient.From that point of view, we carried out investigations about remedial education in all the departments of four-year universities in Japan, and the results indicate that a lot of universities are tackling the problem of how to improve students' basic academic skills. It can be expected that issues like"How to maintain the basic a … More cademic standards of university students","Faculty development of university professors", and"Improvement of the methods of admission"would become major concerns for university reformation.In the project, we also investigated and reported on ; The Education System in Foreign Countries especially in the U.S.A.and the U.K., including the Methods of Admission, Improving the Basic Academic Ability of Students, the Employment and Promotion Policy of Professors as well as Faculty Development (FD). Some members of the project actually attended FD sessions for newly appointed professors in an overseas university and reported the details of the sessions. We asked some people who are teaching in overseas universities and who have experienced teaching overseas and are now teaching in Japanese universities to contribute to our final and to present us their views concerning Japanese universities.In this project, we always tried not only to introduce education systems in foreign countries but also to carry out research that can contribute to the Japanese university faculty members' understanding while still considering Japanese culture in education. From that point of view, we are very proud of the results of this project Less