Cultural Politics, Arts Management, and Public Policies : Theory and Practice of 20th Century American Performing Arts

本研究的目的是研究20世纪后期表演艺术领域的艺术和文化公共政策的理论和实践，以及公共艺术管理。本研究选取的主要课题为：1。支持表演艺术的公共政策的变化2. 2 .晚期资本主义社会中前卫表演艺术作品的市场能力；数字和技术时代“戏剧”的转变。国家艺术基金会（National Endowment for The arts，简称NEA）的成立及其政策的变化，是对“公众支持艺术”理念及其变化的历史考察。NEA的成立及其政策的变化，以及这些变化对艺术界、艺术活动和选择的实践以及公共表演空间的概念产生了怎样的影响和巨大的影响（见《美国艺术和文化公共政策的变化：关于“NEA 4”的研究笔记》，载于《东横学园女子学院学报》2002年第37卷）。在鲁道夫·朱利安尼的领导下，纽约的城市景观在90年代初发生了巨大的变化。朱利安尼市长的新自由主义政策体现在2001年9/11事件后他对百老汇的不断鼓励和支持。以时代广场地区的变化和新时代广场项目为中心，在日本美国研究协会的全国会议上，研究了纽约市与联邦和州政府共同制定的艺术文化公共政策。（见《90年代的表演空间：纽约市的文化政策》，东京外国语大学《跨文化研究》2003年第5期。）

The purpose of this research is to examine the theory and practice of public policies for arts and culture, as well as public arts management in the field of performing arts in the late 20^<th> century. The main topics chosen for this research were : 1. The Changes in Public Policies to Support Performing Arts ; 2. Marketabilities of Avant-garde Performing Arts Productions in the Late-Capitalism Society;3.The Shifts in 'the Theatrical' in the Digital and Technological Age. The ideas of 'public support for arts' and their changes were examined historically in relation to the foundation of National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and the changes of its policies. The foundation of the NEA and its changes in policies, and how these influenced and had tremendous effects on the arts communities, the practice of the artistic activities and choices as well as the notion of public performance space were examined (See "The Changes in Public Policies of Arts and Culture in the United State : Research Notes on "NEA 4" in Toyoko Gakuen Women's College Journal Vol.37, 2002.) Under the leadership of Rudolf Juliani, the cityscape of New York changed dramatically in the early 90s. Mayor Juliani's Neo-liberal policies were exemplified in his continuous encouragement and support for Broadway after 9/11, 2001. Focusing on the changes of the Times Square area and the New Times Square Project, the New York City's public policies for arts and culture in conjunction with the federal and state governments were examined and presented at the national conference of the Japanese Association of American Studies. (See "Performance Space in the 90s:New York City's Cultural Policies", Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Transcultural Studies 5, 2003.)