Comparative legal research on problems brought about by the privatization of public enterprises

本文主要从经济学、法哲学和实证法等多个方面探讨了日本和奥地利公共企业私有化所带来的问题。假设公共企业民营化现象是在新自由主义思想的支持下，随着经济全球化的发展而产生的，我们首先从经济学的角度指出了公共企业民营化模式的变化。包括政治观点在内，我们接下来调查了公共企业私有化现象在成文法，特别是劳动法和社会保障法中所带来的问题。在这里，我们不仅关注私有化，而且考虑到国家职能的重组，我们将独立行政机构作为一种新的途径进行研究，并试图指出解决上述问题的办法。基于这些实际和具体的讨论，我们从法哲学的角度考察了公共领域和私人领域功能的变化。无论是简单地将公共企业私有化视为一种暂时的运动，还是将其视为今后相当长一段时间内的全球规则，我们的结论是，这种现象至少将持续一段时间。至于政府应该扮演什么样的角色，我们发现很多方面都很难预测。我们建议更深入地讨论有关实际经济形势和意识形态的问题。

In this research we discuss problems brought about by the privatization of public enterprises in Japan and Austria, seen from various aspects, especially economics, legal philosophy and positive law.Presuming, an in common understanding, that the phenomenon of privatization of public enterprises in backed by neo-liberal ideology and came about with economic globalization, we first point out changes in the patterns of privatization of public enterprises from an economical point of view. Also including a political point of view we next investigate problems brought about by the phenomenon of privatization of public enterprises in positive law, especially labor law and social security law. Here we focus not only on privatization, but, considering a re-organization of the functions of the state, we conduct a research on independent administrative institutions as a new approach, and try to indicate solutions for the above-mentioned problems. Based on these actual and specific discussions we investigate the change in functions of the public and the private sphere from a legal-philosophical point of view. Whether simply to regard the privatization of public enterprises as a temporary movement or to see it as the global rule for a considerable amount of time from now on, we conclude that this phenomenon will at least go on for a while. As for which role the government should take, we find that many aspects are difficult to predict. We suggest that questions concerning the actual economic situation and ideology be discussed more thoroughly.