Reconstruction of the Fare System of Urban Expressways

本研究对ETC制度下的城市快速路收费制度进行了重新思考。2001年开始的ETC(电子收费)系统可以改变现有的统一收费(不依赖于距离)、预付(在入口处收费站收费)、大/小型车辆两种收费的收费制度。在这里，我们用ETC模拟了基于距离的票价系统。在短途OD中，票价越低，出行次数越多，这就增加了车费收入。相反，在提高票价的情况下，车程越长，车费收入就越少。小型汽车对价格变化的灵活性不强，但大型车辆(货车/卡车)对价格变化的灵活性更高。道路收费应该适当地引入特定的路线。

This study reconsidered the fare system of urban expressways under ETC system. ETC(electronic toll collection) system that started in 2001 can vary the existing fare system which characterized by uniform toll(not depend on distance run), pre-paid(charged at on-ramp booth), and two tariff of large/small vehicle). Here we simulated the distance-depend fare system by ETC. In short distance OD, the lower the fare, the more the trips.Then this raises the amount of fare income. On the contrary, the longer trips decreases under raised fare, which decreases the fare income. Small cars are not flexible to the price changes, but large vehicles(lorry/truck) are more flexible to the price changes. Road pricing should be suitably introduced into the particular route.