Gene expression on fructification of edible mushroom

以木屑为基质，研究了不同温度和水分条件下香菇子实体发育过程中漆酶和纤维素酶的转录。漆酶转录量在菌丝生长阶段达到最大，然后在果期迅速下降。相反，纤维素酶的转录在子实体发育的破幕阶段达到高峰。这些基因的转录是由小气候变化触发的，特别是低温和渗透压。研究了电脉冲对锯末基质中香菇子实体形成的影响。在培养90d、130d和170d三个不同的结实期，将15kV的电脉冲直接充电到基质上。在3个阶段检测麦角甾醇的含量和基质的水分条件。电脉冲对3种不同子实体类型的4个菌株的子实体形成有明显的促进作用，这4个菌株均适用于常年栽培…多活泼，春秋两季栽培，冬季栽培。研究了电脉冲对香菇在锯末基质上子实体形成的影响。在培养90d、130d和170d三个不同的结实期，将15kV的电脉冲直接充电到基质上。在3个阶段检测麦角甾醇的含量和基质的水分条件。电脉冲对常年栽培、春秋栽培和冬季栽培3种不同果型的4个菌株的子实体形成有明显的促进作用。随着培养年限的增加，电脉冲效应更加明显。在松口蘑菌丝体菌落(SHIO)中加入核糖核酸(RNA-M)和5‘-核苷酸混合物(RNA-NT)。将40 g核糖核酸衍生物溶解在4000ml蒸馏水中，直接喷洒在松林4m^2地表。氨基葡萄糖、麦角甾醇和磷脂是测定细根真菌生物量的有用指标。添加RNA-M和RNA-NT后，细根中的这些指标组分均有所增加，并表现出明显高于未添加对照的水平。从3个指示响应来看，这些化合物的加入导致了菌丝生物量的增加。在添加RNA-M和RNA-NT后30d左右即可形成子实体。在14d的观察期内，子实体总量分别为230g(9个子实体)和210g(7个子实体)(RNA-NT)。对照小区产量为0~60g(0~2个子实体)。随着核酸相关物质的加入，松茸的产量和菌数也随之增加。较少

Transcription of laccase and cellulase of Lentinula edodes was examined during fruit body development under different temperatures and moisture conditions on a sawdust-based substrate. Laccase transcript was maximal during the mycelial growth stage, and then declined rapidly at the fruiting stage. In contrast, cellulase transcript peaked at the veil-break stage during fruit body development. Transcriptions of these genes were triggered by microclimatic changes, specifically low temperature and osmotic pressure.Effect of electric impulse was investigated on fruit body formation of Lentinula edodes in the sawdust-based substrate. Electric impulse of 15 kV was directly charged to the substrate at 3 different fruiting phases, 90-, 130- and 170-day cultures, respectively. Ergosterol contents and water conditions of the substrate were examined at the 3 phases. The electric impulse was effective to fruit body formation of 4 strains in 3 different fruiting types, which were for year-round cult … More ivation, for cultivation in spring and autumn, and for cultivation in winter. The effect of the electric impulse was more prominent as culture age proceeds.Effect of electric impulse was investigated on fruit body formation of Lentinula edodes in the sawdust-based substrate. Electric impulse of 15 kV was directly charged to the substrate at 3 different fruiting phases, 90-, 130- and 170-day cultures, respectively. Ergosterol contents and water conditions of the substrate were examined at the 3 phases. The electric impulse was effective to fruit body formation of 4 strains in 3 different fruiting types, which were for year-round cultivation, for cultivation in spring and autumn, and for cultivation in winter. The effect of the electric impulse was more prominent as culture age proceeds.Ribonucleic acid (RNA-M) and 5' nucleotide mixture (RNA-Nt) were added to the mycelial colony (shiro) of Tricholoma matsutake prior to fruiting stage. Forty g ribonucleic acid derivatives was dissolved in 4,000 ml distilled water, and sprayed directly to 4 m^2 surface ground of the pine forest. Glucosamine ergosterol and phospholipid were useful indicators to determine the fungal biomass in the fine roots. These indicator components in the fine roots increased after RNA-M and RNA-Nt addition, and then revealed obviously higher levels compare with non-addition control plots. Addition of these compounds resulted to mycelial biomass increment judging from 3 indicator responses. Fruit body formation occurred around 30 days after addition of RNA-M and RNA-Nt. Total amount of fruit body was 230 g (9 fruit bodies) (RNA-M) and 210 g (7 fruit bodies) (RNA-Nt) during 14 days observation period. In contrast, yield of control plots were 0-60 g (0-2 fruit bodies) in the experimental area. Yield and number of T. matsutake resulted increment with the addition of nucleic acid related compounds. Less