A SURVEY ON YOUTH HEALTH RISK BEHAVIORS AND FACTORS THAT MAY CAUSE THE BEHAVIORS

日本在2001年10月至12月期间进行了一项全国调查，以检查青少年的健康危险行为和导致这些行为的因素。自我管理问卷中的一些行为项目是基于美国疾病控制和预防中心进行的青少年危险行为调查。此外，问卷还包括健康价值观、规范信念、自尊、社会支持、避免健康风险行为的自我效能感、健康控制源、压力管理的自我效能感等七个因素的部分项目。对207所学校（152所公立学校和55所私立学校）1-3年级的高中生采用分层、随机、聚类、系统抽样策略，从日本所有全日制高中中抽取样本。本次调查共在106所学校完成了1113份问卷。学校回应率为51.2%。调查结果表明，许多行为，如体育活动、饮食行为、烟草、酒精和其他药物使用、性行为、与交通有关的安全行为、暴力和欺凌自杀行为都是危险的。7个因素与有氧运动、吃早餐、吸烟、饮酒、吸胶、性行为、安全带使用暴力、自杀意念等9种健康风险行为相关，但健康价值与性行为、压力管理自我效能感与男女学生吸烟或吸胶行为相关。因此，健康教育对预防青少年危险行为、改善青少年危险因素具有重要意义。

The national survey in Japan was conducted to examine youth health risk behaviors and factors that cause the behaviors during October - December 2001. Some items of the behaviors in the self-administered questionnaire were based on the Youth Risk Behavior Surveys conducted by U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In addition some items of seven factors that cause the behaviors were included in the questionnaire such as health value, normative belief, self-esteem, social support, self-efficacy to avoid health risk behaviors, health locus of control, self-efficacy of stress management. High school students in grades 1-3 in 207 schools (152 public schools and 55 private schools) were sampled using a stratified, random, cluster, systematic sampling strategy from all full-time high schools in Japan. For the survey, ll,113 questionnaires were completed in 106 schools. The school response rate was 51.2%. Results from the survey demonstrate that many behaviors such as physical activities, dietary behaviors, tobacco, alcohol and other d/ug use, sexual behaviors, traffic-related safety behaviors, violence and bullying suicidal behaviors were hazardous. The seven factors were associated with the nine health risk behaviors such as aerobic exercise, having breakfast, cigarette use, alcohol use, sniffing glue, sexual intercourse, seat belt use violence, suicide ideation, with exception of the association between health value and sexual intercourse among male students, self-efficacy of stress management and cigarette use or sniffing glue among male and female students. Thus health education to prevent the risk behaviors and improve the factors among youth is important.