人工衛星データ及び地理情報システムを用いた公共牧場の動態解明に関する研究

调查了岩手县46个公共牧场。记录了各牧场的持续时间、总面积、人工草地面积、利用方式和放牧牲畜。每个牧场收集1：25，000比例尺的地图图像和1996年5月29日观测的Landsat TM图像，并将两种图像叠加以选择草地面积。在部分牧场调查了芒草型植被。并结合实地调查结果，应用最大似然法进行土地覆盖分类。在日野牧场、久坂井牧场、山谷川目牧场、隅田牧场、夏目山牧场、新里牧场、金崎牧场和户南牧场，人工草地上引入芒。在某些情况下，站死的草被错误地归类为芒草。利用秋季芒草开花季节的遥感影像，可以提高分类精度。但随着放牧农户的减少和集约化经营的扩大，1985年放牧利用结束，草地植被逐渐发生变化。2002年进行了植被保护，并与1981年的结果进行了比较，结缕草的总优势比（SDR 2）下降，蕨菜的SDR 2下降。Kuhn、黄花菜和三叶海棠在这21年中增加。多时相遥感数据表现出归一化植被指数（NDVI）的年际变化，反映了这一时期的植被变化。

46 public pastures in Iwate prefecture were investigated. Duration, total area, area of artificial grassland, way of use and grazing animals were recorded in each pasture. Map images on a scale of 1 to 25,000 and Landsat TM images which were observed May 29,1996 were collected by each pasture, and both images were overlayed to select grassland area. Miscanthus type vegetation was investigated in some pastures. And land cover classification by maximum likelihood method was applied with the result of filed investigation. In Hinoto pasture, kuzakai pasture, Yamatanikawame pasture, Sumida pasture, Natsumusiyama pasture, Niizato pasture, Kanegasaki pasture and Tonan pasture, Miscanthus sinebsis was invated into artificial grasslands. In some cases, standing dead of grass was misclassified into Miscanthus sinensis. The use of remote sensing images observed in autumn, which is the blooming season of Miscanthus sinensis, will improve the accuracy of classification.Zoysia type grassland was maintained for long period in Appi pasture. But grazing use was ended in 1985 by decrease of livestock farmer and extension of intensive management, and vegetation of garssland was changing gradually. Vegetation servay was practiced in 2002,and the result was compared with that in 1981.SDR(Summed Dominance Ratio) 2 of Zoysia japonica decreased and SDR2 of Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn, Anthoxanthum odoratum L.and Malus sieboldii increased in these 21 years. Multi-temporal remote sensing data showed yearly change of normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI), which reflect the vegetation change of this period.