AN INTERVENTION TRIAL TO POSTPON AGING FOR FUNCTIONALLY COMPETENT COMMUNITY-LIVING SENIOR CITIZENS.

目的：评价一项改善功能有能力的社区老年人饮食习惯和营养状况的方案的可行性和有效性。设计：为期2年的社区干预。背景和方法：研究人群为生活在日本北部南井村农村地区的年龄在0 ~ 65岁之间的功能有能力的老年人（男性360人，女性491人，平均年龄：男性71.3岁，女性72.0岁）。正式服务（讲座和实践课程，主要侧重于改善饮食习惯和生活方式的其他方面）在2年期间（2000-2002年）向社区提供。食物频率问卷评估了该地区10种主要食物类别（肉类、鱼类和贝类、鸡蛋、牛奶、深色蔬菜、豆制品、海藻、土豆、水果、脂肪和油）消费的变化。在干预前后立即测量血清白蛋白浓度。将老年人分为干预组（315例）和不干预组（536例）。通过比较两组的变化来评估干预效果。结果：在75岁及以上的老年人中，参与者组中男性的肉类消费频率显著增加（女性不变），而非参与者组中男性的肉类消费频率不变（女性显著减少）。在65岁及以上的老年人中，参与组和不参与组的男女脂肪和油的消耗频率显著降低。血清白蛋白水平在65岁及以上的老年人中没有变化，无论男女是否参与干预计划。结论：以正式服务形式提供的干预对改善75岁及以上功能有能力的社区老年人的肉类饮食习惯是可行的。少

Objective : To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a program to improve the dietary habits and nutritional status of functionally competent community-living senior citizens. Design : A 2-year community-based intervention. Setting and methods : The study population was a sample of functionally competent senior citizens aged >65 years(360men, 491 women, mean age : 71.3 y in men, 72.0 y in women) living in a rural area(Nangai village, Northern Japan). Formal services (lectures and practice sessions, focusing mainly on improvement of dietary habits and other aspects of lifestyle) were provided to the community over a 2-year period (2000-2002). Food frequency questionnaires assessed changes in consumption of the 10- main food groups for the region (meat, fish and shellfish, eggs, milk, dark-colored vegetables, soybean products, seaweed, potato, fruit, and fats and oils). Serum albumin concentrations were measured immediately before and after the intervention. The senior citizens w … More ere classified into a participator group (n=315) and no-participator group (n=536) in intervention programs. The intervention effects were evaluated by making a comparison between the changes in two groups. Results : On the senior citizens aged 75 years and over, The frequency of meat consumption significantly increased in men (unchanged in women) in the participator group, in contrast to the no-participator group, where the frequency of meat consumption unchanged in men (significantly decreased in women). The frequency of fat and oil consumption significantly decreased in the senior citizens aged 65 years and over in the participator and no-participator group in both sexes. The level of serum albumin unchanged in the senior citizens aged 65 years and over in men and women without regard to participation in intervention programs. Conclusions : The intervention provided as formal services was feasible in improving dietary habits of meat in functionally competent community-living senior citizens aged 75 years and over. Less