Central and Peripheral Regulation of the. Gastrointestinal Motility

NPY和尿皮质素在大脑中大量表达，与摄食和内脏功能的调节有关。由于之前很少有研究考察中央给药NPY或尿皮质素对进食和禁食时生理胃肠运动的影响，我们在自由运动的有意识大鼠中通过脑室内（icv）或静脉内（iv）给药NPY及其类似物以及尿皮质素，并检查了胃窦和十二指肠运动的变化。NPY强有力地影响了icv给药后的收缩活动，将进食模式转变为禁食运动模式。这种作用是通过与大鼠Y_2和Y_4受体相似的受体介导的。静脉注射尿皮质素破坏胃十二指肠禁食运动模式，胃十二指肠运动模式由进食样运动模式取代。饲粮状态下给予尿皮质素icv和ivv，动物的运动活动维持在饲粮模式，但胃窦的% MI降低，十二指肠的% MI升高。

NPY and urocortin are abundantly expressed in the brain, have been implicated in the regulation of feeding and visceral functions. Since few previous studies have examined the effects of centrally administered NPY or urocortin on the physiological fed and fasted gastrointestinal motility, we administered NPY and its analogs as well as urocortin intracerebroventricularly (icv) or intravenously (iv) in freely moving conscious rats and examined the changes in antral and duodenal motility. NPY powerfully affected the contractile activity after icv administration, changing fed patterns into fasted motor patterns. This effect was mediated via receptors with pharmacological profiles similar to rat Y_2 and Y_4 receptors. Icv and iv injection of urocortin disrupted fasted motor patterns of gastroduodenal motility which were replaced by fed-like motor patterns. When urocortin was given icv and iv in the fed state of animals, the motor activity remained in the fed patterns, but % MI was decreased in the antrum yet increased in the duodenum.