Development of pedicled plastic bone flap using cultured osteogenic cells and its application for the reconstruction of mandibular bone defect

建立理想的下颌骨缺损修复方法对提高患者生活质量具有重要意义。从这个角度来看，新的重建方法，使用培养的成骨细胞应开发。本研究试图建立一种新的骨缺损修复方法，即采用带蒂的膜型生物材料和培养的成骨细胞构建骨瓣。本研究的主要结果如下：1.为了确定成骨细胞移植的最佳载体，研究了I型胶原、羟基磷灰石颗粒和含磷酸三钙的磷灰石支持人成骨细胞成骨的能力。本实验表明，三维I型胶原海绵是培养成骨细胞最佳的移植载体.为了阐明糖皮质激素对人成骨细胞成骨能力的影响， ...更多信息 使用I型胶原作为载体，将用/不用地塞米松处理的小鼠皮下或肌内移植到免疫缺陷的SCID小鼠中。该实验表明，地塞米松在体内强烈增强人成骨细胞的骨形成能力。提示糖皮质激素可能是带蒂骨瓣成骨的有效刺激剂.将地塞米松处理的小鼠成骨细胞与I型胶原和膜型生物材料一起移植到各种动脉周围。移植物的组织学观察显示，37个含成骨细胞的移植物中有32个形成了血管化的骨岛。成熟的移植物由发育良好的板层皮质松质骨组成，其骨细胞来源于移植的成骨细胞。移植物早在4周就形成了，最晚在108周时大小保持稳定。综上所述，这项研究提出了使用成骨细胞和膜型生物材料的新型带蒂混合骨瓣的可能性。

Establishment of ideal reconstruction method for mandibular bone defects resulting from various diseases is important to improved quality of life. From this point of view, novel reconstruction method using cultured osteogenic cells should be developed. In this study, we tried to establish new reconstruction method for bone defects using pedicled plastic bone flap with membrane-type biomaterial and cultured osteogenic cells. The result obtained from the present study is as follows:1. To decide on the best carrier for the transplantation of osteogenic cells, the capacity of type I collagen, hydroxyapatite granules and tricalcium phosphate-containing apatite to support the bone formation by human osteogenic cells was investigated. This experiment showed that three-dimensional type I collagen sponge was the best carrier for die transplantation of cultured osteogenic cells.2. To elucidate the effect of glucocorticoid on the bone forming capacity of human osteogenic cells, human osteoblasts … More treated with/without dexamathasone were subcutaneous or intramuscularly transplanted into immunodeficient SCID mice using type I collagen as a carrier. This experiment revealed that dexemethasone strongly enhanced the bone forming capacity of human osteoblasts in vivo. This suggested that glucocorticoid might be a potent stimulator for bone formation in pedicled bone flap.3. Mouse osteogenic cells treated with dexamethasone were transplanted around various arteries with type I collagen and membrane-type biomaterial. Histological observation of transplants showed that 32 of 37 osteogenic cells-containing transplants formed a vasucularized bone island. Mature transplants consisted of well-developed lamellar, corticocancellous bone whose osteocytes were derived from the grafted osteogenic cells. Transplants formed as early as 4 weeks and remained stable in size as late as 108 weeks.Taken together, this study suggested the possibility of novel pedicled hybrid bone flap using osteogenic cells and membrane-type biomaterial Less