High Energy Particle Acceleration at the Galactic Center Region

这项研究首次利用x射线发射线（特别是铁）和非热x射线对银河系中心区域的高能现象进行了研究。本研究是基于在银河系中心区域发现了长度为1°x2°的x射线等离子体和以SgrA^*为中心的尺寸为2‘x3’的超高温等离子体。等离子体压力（等离子体温度乘以密度）超过了ISM的两个数量级，这表明等离子体不是静止的，而是由于连续的超新星或银河系中心的巨大爆炸。在上述知识的基础上，我们获得了以下新成果：许多超新星遗迹的候选者是新发现的。这表明在过去大约1万年里，银河系中心区域连续发生的超新星爆炸。(2)新发现了许多非热丝结构。这些是最高能量银河系宇宙射线起源的最重要的候选者，它导致了银河系宇宙射线加速的研究。(3)发现了直连银河系中心的非热喷流。构造分析表明，这些结在过去约1000年的时间里间歇性喷发。(4)在银河系中心附近发现了大量新的x射线天体和x射线反射星云候选者，它们的特征得到了澄清，银河系中心在过去大约1000年的时间里非常活跃。这与(3)的结果是一致的。(5)推进了硬x射线CCD的发展。提出了一种提取x射线事件的新方法，大大提高了对高能x射线的灵敏度。我们成功地开发了可堆叠型CCD和N型CCD的技术。

This research is the first sturdy of the high energy phenomenon at the Galactic center region by using X-ray emission lines (especially, iron) and non-thermal X-rays. This research is based on the discovery of X-ray plasmas extending 1°x2° in the Galactic center region and the ultra high temperature plasmas with the size of 2'x3' centering SgrA^*.The plasma pressure (the plasma temperature times the density) exceeds the two orders of that of the ISM, which suggests that the plasmas is not stationary but due to the sequential supernovae or a huge explosion at the Galactic center.Adding to the knowledge above, we newly achieved following results.(1)A lot of candidates for supernova remnants were newly discovered. This indicates the sequential supernova explosions for the past about 10,000 years at the Galactic center region.(2)Many non-thermal filament structures were newly discovered. These are the most important candidate for the origin of the highest energy Galactic cosmic rays, and it led to the study of the Galactic comic ray acceleration.(3)Non-thermal jet like knot straightly connecting to the Galactic center was discovered. The structure analysis showed that these knots have intermittently ejected in the past of about 1000 years.(4)A lot of new X-ray heavenly bodies and the X-ray reflection nebula candidates were discovered from the vicinity of the Galactic center, the characteristics of them were clarified, and the Galactic center was extremely active in the past of about 1000 years. This is consistent with the result of (3).(5)The development of CCD for the hard X-ray was advanced. A new method of extracting an X-ray event was developed witch improved a substantial sensitivity for high energy X-rays. We succeeded in technological development of stackable type CCD and N type CCD.