Basic research for developing sport psychophysics

一流运动员的出色表现，不仅在于他们的身体素质，还在于他们在实践和经验中获得的专业认知。本项目的主要研究者提出用心理物理学的方法来研究运动员的专业度感知，即运动心理物理学。本课题旨在为发展运动心理物理学进行基础研究，为此对空手道运动员的专业度感知进行实验研究。在这个为期3年的项目中取得的成果总结如下：1。使用真实的刺激（录像的进攻表现）和非真实的刺激，我们展示了空手道运动员对对手攻击的快速反应和准确预测（Mori, Ohtani, Imanaka, 2002）。根据诱导运动的眼动理论，我们预测并证实了空手道运动员诱导运动的强度大于新手（Seya & Mori, 2002）。在对运动刺激的外围目标的检测和识别任务中，我们发现空手道运动员在反应时间、准确性和眼球运动方面与新手不同（Seya & Mori, 2003）。这些结果已发表在期刊文章和一本书的章节中，并在日本心理学会（2002年，东广岛；2003年，东京）、日本运动心理学会（2001年，东京；2003年，筑波）、IEICE人类信息处理（仙台，2002年，2003年）和心理学会（温哥华，2003年）的会议上发表。

Excellent performance of top-class athletes is due not only to their physical abilities but also to their expertise perception acquired through practice and experience. The head investigator of this project proposed to study expertise perception of athletes by psychophysical methods, that is sport psychophysics. This project was to conduct basic research for developing sport psychophysics, and for this purpose expertise perception of karate athletes was experimentally investigated. Results obtained in this 3-year project are summarized as follows.1.Using realistic stimuli (videotaped offensive performance) and non-realistic stimuli, we showed fast reaction and accurate prediction of karate athletes concerning opponent's attack (Mori, Ohtani, Imanaka, 2002).2.Following occulomotor theory of induced motion, we predicted and confirmed that the magnitude of induced motion was larger for karate athletes than for novices (Seya & Mori, 2002).3.In detection and discrimination tasks of peripheral targets during pursuit of a moving stimulus, we found that karate athletes were different from novices in reaction time, accuracy, and eye movement (Seya & Mori, 2003).These results have been published in journal articles and a book chapter, and they have also been presented in the meetings of Japanese Psychological Association (Higashi-Hiroshima, 2002 ; Tokyo, 2003), Japanese Society of Sport Psychology (Tokyo, 2001 ; Tsukuba, 2003), IEICE Human Information Processing (Sendai, 2002, 2003), and Psychonomic Society (Vancouver, 2003).