Developmental research on the relationship between production and perception of coarticulation

我们研究了前元音/a/对掩蔽塞音/p/和/t/的分类的影响，这些塞音在连续的发声中跟随元音。在这些实验中，证实了成人受试者的音素恢复。我们发现，第二共振峰（F2）的频率增加的元音之前/t/比元音之前/p/。前元音的F2转换似乎是辨别性的线索。在婴儿期也发现了音位恢复现象，但婴儿期的恢复程度小于成人期，表明在发声发育中，音位知觉的时间易化发生得较晚。此外，每个婴儿对塞音的识别率随年龄增长而显著增加，音素恢复程度与元音/t/末尾的F2频率之间存在显著相关。这些结果表明，生产和感知的协同发音相互依赖，特别是在发展。在建模之前，我们对语言接口中的定性和定量的变化进行了研究。结果，很明显，在真实的时间中的协同发音和声学特性的最合适的值不仅对协同发音运动的限制而且对感知的限制具有强烈的影响。

We examined the effects of preceding vowel /a/ on the categorization of masked stop consonants /p/ and /t/ which followed the vowel in successive vocalizations. In these experiments, a phonemic restoration was confirmed for adult subjects. We found that frequencies of second formant (F2) at the end of the vowel preceding /t/ increased in contrast with those of the vowel preceding /p/. It seems that F2 transitions in the preceding vowel are discriminative cues. The phonemic restoration was also found in infants, but the degree in infants was smaller than that in adults, indicating that temporal facilitation on phonemic perception occurs more lately in vocal development. Furthermore, there were a significant increment of identified rate on the stop consonants in proportion of age, and a significant correlation between the degree of phonemic restoration and the frequencies of F2 at the end of the vowel /t/ in each infant. These results suggest that production and perception of co-articulation depend each other, particularly in development. Before modeling, we did the research related to the change of the quantitative nature with the qualitative nature in the interface of the language. As a result, it just became clear that the most suitable value for co-articulation and acoustic characteristics in real time had an influence strongly on not only a limitation by co-articulation movement but also a limitation by perception.