A Study of Native American Literature since 1970's and its Historical and Cultural Backgrounds

本研究的目的之一是收集与美国原住民研究相关的基本文献和作品。由于美国这一领域的学术发展，许多绝版书籍正在重印。有了这笔科研补助金，我才能收集到相当多的书籍和摄影资料。通过我对美洲原住民文学及其历史和文化背景的研究，我开始考虑与当今全球化世界相结合的杂交问题。“混血印第安人”是古今中外的一个文学主题，但主要是消极意义上的。詹姆斯·克利福德（James Clifford）提到异质性、相关性和创造性是美洲原住民“混血儿”的品质，我认为这不仅是美洲原住民特有的品质，也是代表美国人民民主和个人主义信条的品质。由于“美国”文学本身所具有的广泛包容性，“杂合”成为解读20世纪70年代后美国原住民文学的一个关键术语，并最终导致了对美国文学的整体解读。我有机会在世界文学协会的年度会议上发表一篇关于这个主题的论文，这篇论文后来成为该协会杂志的出版物。本研究通过对美国原住民文学及其历史文化背景的具体研究，发展到对美国文化的一般解读。研究援助，使我能够集中在特定的主题，我已经开始考虑一个更广泛的研究项目的可能性。科学研究的补助金给了我一个良好的学术成果，它激励我在未来更广泛的研究可能性。

One of the aims of this research is to collect the basic references and works of literature related to the study of Native Americans in the US. Due to the recent academic development in this field in the US, many of the out-of-print books are being reprinted. With this grant-in-aid for scientific research, I was able to collect the books and photographic materials rather substantially. Through my research on the subject of the Native American literature and its historical and cultural background, I began to consider the topic of hybridization an utmost importance in conjunction with the present day world of globalization. "Half-breed Indian" has been a literary theme in the past and present, but mainly in a negative sense. James Clifford mentions heterogeneity, relatedness and inventiveness as qualities of the Native American "half-breed" which I take not only as specific qualities attributed only to the 'Native Americans but also as qualities representing American people with its creed of democracy and individualism. Hybridization is a key term to interpret the Native American literature after 1970's that leads to the interpretation of American literature as a whole, because of the extensive inclusiveness of "American" literature itself. I was given a chance to present a paper on this subject at the annual conference of the 'Society of the World Literature, which turned into a publication for the journal of the Society. This research develops into the interpretation of American culture in general by means of a specific, study of Native American literature and its historical and cultural background. The research aid, which enabled me to concentrate 'on the specific theme, I have begun to think of the possibilities of an even wider research project. The grant-in-aid for scientific research has given me a favorable academic result and it inspired me for wider research possibilities in the future.