The Hermetic Structure of Thomas Mann's "Dere Zauberberg" and C.G.Jung's Psychology of Alchemy

托马斯·曼（Thomas Mann）称他的《Der Zauberberg》是一部封闭的小说，并将汉斯·卡斯特普（Hans Castorp）的成长视为炼金术的升华。这句话被认为是一种象征性的表达，到目前为止还没有受到太大的重视。本文试图从荣格的炼金术心理学的角度来厘清这句话的含义和范围。要点如下。1)汉斯作为第一物质追溯哲人之石之路，与Chauchat， Setembrini等各种物质重复分离和结合。然而，这种精神与肉体结合的尝试并不成功。它既是对欧罗巴现代理性主义的批判，同时也是对极端理性主义的克服，对新人文主义的探索。根据荣格对炼金术的解释，这与炼金术的情况相同。2)故事的这一过程与特曼的叙事密切相关。它相当于在炼金术实验中分离和结合的尝试，在这种实验中，各种元素被密封在蒸馏器中，放在火上，非常热烈地蒸馏很长一段时间。叙述者还试图从偶然的相遇和事件中编织出不可避免的线索，并要求一种真正的联系可能性。我通过分析叙述来澄清这一特点。3)小说的上述特点与歌德的《浮士德》相对应。可以说，这也是炼金术实验的一次失败尝试。对这部戏剧的现代模仿。曼在他的小说中似乎想要在这个意义上进行更基本的“模仿”。这一事实只有在荣格炼金术心理学的观点之后才得以证明。

Thomas Mann calls his "Der Zauberberg" an hermetic novel and regards the human growth of Hans Castorp as an alchemical exaltatio. This remark was considered a symbolic expression, and not received too much seriously so far. This research is an attempt that clarifies the meaning and the range of this remark from the viewpoint of the psychology of alchemy of C.G.Jung. The points are follows.1)Hans as prima materia traces the road to the Philosopher's stone while repeating separation and uniting with various substances as Chauchat, Setembrini and the like. However, this attempt an coniunctio of spiritus et corpus is not succesful. It means the criticism of modern rationalism of Europa and groping for a new humanism by overcoming the extreme rationalism at the same time. This is the same as the case of alchemy according to its interpretation of C.G.Jung.2)This process of the story ist closely related to the narrative of Th.Mann. It is equal to the attempt at the separation and the uniting in the alchemy experiment in which various elements are sealed up in the retort, put on the fire, and distilled very ardently for a long time. The narrator tries also to spin inevitable string from chance meetings and occurrences, and requests a true possibility of coniunctio. I clarified this feature by analysing the narrative.3)The above-mentioned trait of the novel is corresponding to that of Goethe's "Faust". So to speak, it is a failing attempt at the alchemy experiment, too. A modern parody of this drama which Th.Mann seemes to intend in his novel is a more fundamental "imitatio" in this meaning. This fact turns out only after the viewpoint of C.G.Jung's psychology of alchemy.