Speciation, karyotypic differentiation, and hybrid zones in the Leibunum curvipalpe group (Arachnida, Opiliones)

由hiraiwai、l.l montanum、l.l kohyai、l.l sadoense、l.l simplum、l.l hiasai、l.l hikocola、l.l curvipalpe、l.l tohokuense、l.l globosum和l.l manubriatum等11种组成的弯叶扁豆类群在种间和种内均表现出较大的核型变异。此外，在两个物种的群体。多倍体小种的发生也是已知的。研究了该类群核型分化的地理格局及染色体杂交带在物种形成过程中的作用。得到的主要结果如下：1.结果表明，在本州Chugoku山脉东部地区，Leiobunum mohtanum的染色体数在2n=18 ~ 20/22之间。在鸟取县最东部的大人参山附近，新发现了一种形态上非常不同的L.montanum，被命名为大人参种。对鸟取县及其附近地区的11个种群形态特征进行主成分分析，发现有3个类群与地理位置有较好的对应关系。4.收集了11种曲贝群中6种的DNA样本进行分析。系统发育分析正在进行中。5.解释四倍体兼性细胞样物L.globosum异常高的雌雄同体出现的模型。

The Leiobunum curvipalpe-group, consisting of 11 species (L.hiraiwai, L.montanum, L.kohyai, L.sadoense, L.simplum, L.hiasai, L.hikocola, L.curvipalpe, L.tohokuense, L.globosum, and L.manubriatum) shows great karyotypic variability both between and within species. Moreover, in two species of the group.occurrence of polyploid races are also known. Geographical patterns of the karyotypic differentiation and the role of the chromosomal hybrid zones in the speciation process of the group were investigated. The principal results obtained are as follows. 1.It was found that chromosomes of Leiobunum mohtanum varied from 2n=18 to 20/22 in eastern part of the Chugoku Mountains, Honshu. 2.A morphologically very divergent form of L.montanum, named Ohginosen race, was newly found around Mt Ohginosen in easternmost Tottori Prefecture. 3.Principal component analyses of 11 morphological characters for populations of L.montanum in and near Tottori Prefecture revealed occurrence of three groups that correspond well with geographical locations. 4.Samples for DNA analyses were accumulated for six of 11 species of the curvipalpe-group. A phylogenetic analysis is just getting underway. 5.A model to explain extraordinarily high emergence of gynandromorphs in a tetraploid facultative thelytoke, L.globosum.