Mechanism of action of endogenous plant growth substances in fruit set and early fruit development of kiwifruit

以“海沃德”为材料，研究了5 ppm CPPU诱导的授粉、非授粉和孤雌果实开花至生长早期内源植物生长物质水平的变化，以及外源植物生长物质对孤雌果实坐果和生长的影响。在授粉果实中，Z-like活性水平在花后5 d达到高峰，20 - DAA和GAs-like活性在花后5 d达到高峰。ZR样物质活性水平在开花期最高，iaa样物质在5 ~ 9 DAA之间高于其他时期。在花前（JBA）和花后1周（WAA）反复施用Z、ZR和GA_3 （1000 ppm）处理，可诱导孤雌实形成。但单性果实的坐果率较低，果实生长明显不如授粉果实。0.1 ppm的CPPU和50 ppm的NAA处理均未引起孤雌核增生。GA_3+NAA处理反复施用JBA和1waa， GA_3或NAA以JBA为先处理，0.1 ppm CPPU以1waa为后处理，诱导孤雌生殖。单性果核的坐果和生长均优于ga_3诱导。当GA_4 (1000 ppm)+4-CPA （50 ppm）、GA_7(1000 ppm)+4-CPA、GA_4、GA_7、GA_7+-Z+4-CPA、Z+4-CPA和GA_4+GA_7+-Z+4-CPA处理一次JBA时，均可诱导孤雌生长。4-CPA联合处理促进了果实的生长，Z联合处理抑制了果实的生长，GA_4+GA_7+Z+4-CPA诱导的孤雌果实生长不如GA_7+Z+4-CPA。这些结果表明，高水平的气体或细胞分裂素样活性，以及gm和iaa样活性与猕猴桃的果实形成密切相关。另一方面，高水平的GAs-、细胞分裂素和iaa样活性与早期果实发育有关。少

Changes in the levels of endogenous plant growth substances in the pollinated and non-pollinated fruit and the parthenocarpic fruit induced by 5 ppm CPPU between the blooming and the early fruit growth stage, and effects of exogenous plant growth substances on induction of parthenocarpic fruit set and growth in 'Hayward' were investigated. In the pollinated fruit, the level of Z-like activity was at its peak 5 days after anthesis (DAA) and 20 DAA and GAs-like activities were at its peak 5 DAA. The level of ZR like activity was highest at anthesis and IAA-like substance was higher between 5 DAA and 9 DAA than another periods. In the parthenocarpic fruit, changes in their levels were similar to in the pollinated fruit When the treatment of Z, ZR and GA_3 (1000 ppm) were applied repeatedly just before anthesis (JBA) and 1 week after anthesis (WAA), parthenocarpy was induced. But fruit set percentages of the parthenocarpic fruits were lower and those fruit growth was remarkably inferior to … More the pollinated fruit. The treatment of 0.1 ppm CPPU and NAA (50 ppm) did not induced parthenocarpy. When the treatment of GA_3+NAA applied repeatedly JBA and 1 WAA, and GA_3 or NAA were applied JBA as first treatment and 0.1 ppm CPPU were applied 1 WAA as second treatment, parthenocarpy was induced. And those parthenocarpic fruit set and growth was superior to GA_3-induced one. When the treatment of GA_4 (1000 ppm) +4-CPA (50 ppm), GA_7(1000 ppm)+4-CPA, GA_4, GA_7, GA_7+-Z+4-CPA, Z+4-CPA and GA_4+GA_7+-Z+4-CPA were applied once JBA, parthenocarpy was induced. Treatments combined with 4-CPA promoted fruit growth and treatments combined with Z suppressed fruit growth Fruit growth of parthenocarpic fruit induced by GA_4+GA_7+Z+4-CPA was inferior to that induced by GA_7+Z+4-CPA. These results suggested that the high levels of GAs-or cytokinins-like activity, and GM-and IAA-like activity correlated strongly with fruit set of kiwifruit. On the other hand, the high levels of GAs-, cytokinins-and IAA-like activity correlated with early fruit development. Less