On the Property Improvement of Low Filler Loaded Polyolefine Nanocomposites

聚合物的机械性能可以通过掺入颗粒来改善，但由于较高的填料分数，以劣化的加工性和增加的重量为代价。为了克服这些缺点，本项目将开发一种可行的方法;它允许通过使用现有的复合技术仅添加少量的改性纳米颗粒来增强聚合物的强度和韧性。该含量远低于常规颗粒复合材料所需的含量。通过辐射接枝，纳米颗粒团聚体变成纳米复合微结构（由纳米颗粒和接枝的均聚的第二聚合物组成），其进而在随后的混合期间与周围的主要聚合物基质建立强界面相互作用。与其他类型的纳米复合材料的制备方法不同，目前的方法具有许多优点，例如简单，成本低，易于控制，适用性更广。在该项目的执行过程中，最大的注意力将集中在（1）纳米颗粒上接枝聚合物的分子结构的设计和剪裁，以及（2）通过仔细表征纳米复合材料来理解性能改善的机制。

Mechanical properties of polymers can be improved by incorporating particles at the expense of deteriorated processability and increased weight due to the higher filler fraction. To overcome such disadvantages, a viable method will be developed by the present project; it allows to enhance the strength and toughness of polymers by adding only a small amount of modified nanoparticles using existing compounding techniques. This content is much lower than the one required for conventional particulate composites. Through irradiation grafting, nanoparticle agglomerates turn into a nano-composite microstructure (comprised of the nanoparticles and the grafted, homopolymerized secondary polymer), which in turn builds up a strong interfacial interaction with the surrounding, primary polymeric matrix during the subsequent mixing. Unlike the approaches for manufacturing of the other types of nanocomposites, the current method is characterized by many advantages, such as simple, low cost, easy to be controlled, and broader applicability. During the execution of the project, greatest attention will be focussed on (1) design and tailoring of the molecular structure of the grafting polymer on the nanoparticles, and (2) understanding of mechanisms of the improvement of properties through a careful characterization of the nanocomposites.