Endocrine Disrupting Effects of Airborne Particle Matter and Their Responsible Constituents

对于对人类和野生动物的内分泌系统产生不利影响的外来化学物质，即所谓的内分泌干扰物质，环境问题日益受到关注。空气悬浮颗粒物(SPM)的内分泌干扰效应也引起了人们的广泛关注。因此，我们收集了4月、7月、10月和1月在石川金泽和北海道札幌的SPM。然后，我们在培养的人源性细胞系中检测了它们的内分泌干扰作用，并调查了其中的相关成分。所获得的结果描述如下。1.每个SPM样品都具有抗雌激素和抗雄激素的作用。2.在金泽和札幌，SPM样品冬季的影响大于夏季。这被认为是由于与夏季相比，冬季的能源消耗增加。3.当SPM样品与芳香烃受体(AhR)激动剂联合处理细胞时，SPM样品的内分泌干扰作用减弱。这一结果表明，内分泌干扰作用的部分原因是作为AhR激动剂的成分。4.由于多环芳烃(PAHs)是环境中典型的AhR激动剂，我们测定了几种多环芳烃在SPM样品中的浓度，并测定了它们的内分泌干扰作用。结果表明，SPM样品的内分泌干扰作用部分是基于多环芳烃。5.竞争激素受体结合实验和酵母双杂交实验表明，SPM样品中含有与雌激素受体或雄激素受体拮抗剂结合的成分。

There is an increasing environmental concern on exogenious chemicals that exhibit adverse effects on endocrine systems of human and wild life, so-called endocrine disrupting substances. Endocrine disrupting effects of airborne suspended particulate matter (SPM) has also attracted much attention. Therefore, wecollected SPM in Kanazawa, Ishikawa, and Sapporo, Hokkaido, at April, July, October and January. Then, we assayed their endocrine disrupting effects in cultured human-originated cell lines and investigated the responsible constituents. The results obtained are described below. 1. Everey SPM samples exhibited the antiestrogenic and antiandrogenic effects. 2. At both Kanazawa and Sapporo, SPM samples showed greater effect in winter than in summer. This was considered to be due to increased energy consumption in winter compared with that in summer. 3. The endocrine disrupting effects of SPM samples were redued when the cells were treated with SPM samples in combination with an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. This results indicated that the endocrine disrupting effects were due in part to constituents acting as an AhR agonists. 4. Since polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are typical AhR agonists in environment, several PAHs were determined for their concentration in SPM samples and assayed for their endocrine disrupting effects. The results revealed that the endocrine disrupting effects of SPM samples are based in part on PAHs. 5. Competitive hormone receptor binding assay and yeast two-hybrid assay revealed that SPM samples contains the constituents capable to bind to estrogen receptor or androgen receptor as antagonists.